Talk:Guduchi: Difference between revisions
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Tinospora cordifolia (WILLD.) HOOK.F. & THOMS. | Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia (WILLD.) HOOK.F. & THOMS.) | ||
''Guduchi'' ({{langx|sa|गुडूची}}), commonly known as [[Giloy]], is the Sanskrit name for the medicinal plant [[Tinospora cordifolia]] (Willd.) Hook. f. & Thomson of the family [[Menispermaceae]].<ref name="AYUSHDossier">{{Cite web |url=https://ayush.gov.in/resources/pdf/quality_standards/guduchi_Book-Dossier.pdf |title=Technical Dossier on - Guduchi |format=PDF |publisher=Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India |year=2019 |access-date=2026-04-13}}</ref> It holds a prominent place in [[Ayurveda]] as a [[Rasayana]] (rejuvenative) herb and is widely used for conditions such as fever, jaundice, musculoskeletal disorders, skin diseases, and metabolic ailments.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> | ''Guduchi'' ({{langx|sa|गुडूची}}), commonly known as [[Giloy]], is the Sanskrit name for the medicinal plant [[Tinospora cordifolia]] (Willd.) Hook. f. & Thomson of the family [[Menispermaceae]].<ref name="AYUSHDossier">{{Cite web |url=https://ayush.gov.in/resources/pdf/quality_standards/guduchi_Book-Dossier.pdf |title=Technical Dossier on - Guduchi |format=PDF |publisher=Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India |year=2019 |access-date=2026-04-13}}</ref> It holds a prominent place in [[Ayurveda]] as a [[Rasayana]] (rejuvenative) herb and is widely used for conditions such as fever, jaundice, musculoskeletal disorders, skin diseases, and metabolic ailments.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> | ||
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== Botanical identity == | == Botanical identity == | ||
The principal medicinal source of Guduchi is the stem of ''Tinospora cordifolia''.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> The plant is a deciduous, climbing shrub with simple, heart‑shaped leaves and small, greenish flowers.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> The genus ''Tinospora'' includes several species, and correct identification is important because some related species (e.g., ''Tinospora crispa'') have been implicated in hepatotoxicity reports.<ref name="LiverTox">{{ | The principal medicinal source of Guduchi is the stem of ''Tinospora cordifolia''.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> The plant is a deciduous, climbing shrub with simple, heart‑shaped leaves and small, greenish flowers.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> The genus ''Tinospora'' includes several species, and correct identification is important because some related species (e.g., ''Tinospora crispa'') have been implicated in hepatotoxicity reports.<ref name="LiverTox">{{Nnamani I, Tolu-Akinnawo O, Dufera RR, Akintunde A, Maliakkal B. Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi/Giloy)-Induced Liver Injury: A Case Review. Cureus. 2023 May 31;15(5):e39793. doi: 10.7759/cureus.39793. PMID: 37273324; PMCID: PMC10238282.}}</ref> | ||
For Ayurvedic purposes, the AYUSH technical dossier specifies that properly identified ''T. cordifolia'' stem should be used, warning against confusion with other ''Tinospora'' species that may occur in commercial supply.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> | For Ayurvedic purposes, the AYUSH technical dossier specifies that properly identified ''T. cordifolia'' stem should be used, warning against confusion with other ''Tinospora'' species that may occur in commercial supply.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> | ||
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|18 | |18 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143 | |Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143 | ||
| | |Tikta skandha | ||
|- | |- | ||
|19 | |19 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]].8/56 | |Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]].8/56 | ||
|Kshira | |Kshira vishodhana dravya | ||
|- | |- | ||
|20 | |20 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22 | |Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22 | ||
| | |Vamanartha | ||
|- | |- | ||
|21 | |21 | ||
| Line 198: | Line 196: | ||
|28 | |28 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/251 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/251 | ||
|Used in Patoladi | |Used in Patoladi niruha basti. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|29 | |29 | ||
| Line 218: | Line 216: | ||
|33 | |33 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/30 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/30 | ||
|Used for making decoction in | |Used for making decoction in Pittaja Prameha | ||
|- | |- | ||
|34 | |34 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/77 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/77 | ||
|Ingredient in | |Ingredient in Kanakabindurishta | ||
|- | |- | ||
|35 | |35 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/124 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/124 | ||
|Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Vata- | |Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Vata-Kaphaja Kushtha | ||
|- | |- | ||
|36 | |36 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/146 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/146 | ||
|Ingredient in Mahatikta | |Ingredient in Mahatikta Ghrita | ||
|- | |- | ||
|37 | |37 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/153 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/153 | ||
|Ingredient in | |Ingredient in Mahakhadira Ghrita | ||
|- | |- | ||
|38 | |38 | ||
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|39 | |39 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/25 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/25 | ||
|In treatment of | |In treatment of Vataja Shvayathu | ||
|- | |- | ||
|40 | |40 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/34 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/34 | ||
|Ingredient in | |Ingredient in Punarnavadyarishta | ||
|- | |- | ||
|41 | |41 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/190 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/190 | ||
|Used in preparation of | |Used in preparation of Panchama Kshara | ||
|- | |- | ||
|42 | |42 | ||
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|71 | |71 | ||
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/58 | |Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/58 | ||
|For | |For parishechana in yoni shula. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|72 | |72 | ||
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* Gutika (tablets) | * Gutika (tablets) | ||
==Important Formulations== | == Important Formulations == | ||
* Amritarishta | * Amritarishta | ||
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* 3–6 g of powder | * 3–6 g of powder | ||
* 20–30 g of coarse powder for decoction | * 20–30 g of coarse powder for decoction | ||
* 125 mg–1000 mg of Guduchi | * 125 mg–1000 mg of Guduchi sattva, taken with appropriate anupana (vehicle) | ||
== Current availability== | == Current availability== | ||
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Through all over India extending from Himalayas to the Southern part of India. | Through all over India extending from Himalayas to the Southern part of India. | ||
Other countries : Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Myanmar, Burma, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand | Other countries: Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Myanmar, Burma, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand | ||
== Current researches == | == Current researches == | ||
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== Chemical constituents == | == Chemical constituents == | ||
Modern phytochemical studies have identified more than 200 compounds in ''Tinospora cordifolia'' and related species, including diterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, sesquiterpenoids, and phenolics.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview">{{ | Modern phytochemical studies have identified more than 200 compounds in ''Tinospora cordifolia'' and related species, including diterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, sesquiterpenoids, and phenolics.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview">{{Yates CR, Bruno EJ, Yates MED. Tinospora Cordifolia: A review of its immunomodulatory properties. J Diet Suppl. 2022;19(2):271-285. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1873214. Epub 2021 Jan 22. PMID: 33480818.}}</ref> Key constituents reported in the literature include:<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/><ref name="OnePlantManyRoles">{{Saha S, Ghosh S. Tinospora cordifolia: One plant, many roles. Anc Sci Life. 2012 Apr;31(4):151-9. doi: 10.4103/0257-7941.107344. PMID: 23661861; PMCID: PMC3644751}}</ref> | ||
* Clerodane‑type diterpenoids | * Clerodane‑type diterpenoids | ||
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* Immunomodulatory effects: Modulation of immune cell function and cytokine pathways.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview"/> | * Immunomodulatory effects: Modulation of immune cell function and cytokine pathways.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview"/> | ||
* Anti‑inflammatory effects: Reduction of pro‑inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‑α and IL‑1β.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview"/><ref name="ScientificReports2019">{{Cite | * Anti‑inflammatory effects: Reduction of pro‑inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‑α and IL‑1β.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview"/><ref name="ScientificReports2019">{{Cite Ghatpande NS, Misar AV, Waghole RJ, Jadhav SH, Kulkarni PP. Tinospora cordifolia protects against inflammation associated anemia by modulating inflammatory cytokines and hepcidin expression in male Wistar rats. Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 29;9(1):10969. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47458-0. PMID: 31358831; PMCID: PMC6662690}}</ref> | ||
* Antioxidant activity: Scavenging of free radicals and reduction of oxidative stress.<ref name="OnePlantManyRoles"/> | * Antioxidant activity: Scavenging of free radicals and reduction of oxidative stress.<ref name="OnePlantManyRoles"/> | ||
* Antipyretic and analgesic activity in fever‑like models.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview"/> | * Antipyretic and analgesic activity in fever‑like models.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview"/> | ||
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== Metabolic and endocrine research == | == Metabolic and endocrine research == | ||
Recent reviews suggest that Guduchi may have beneficial effects on diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and related features of metabolic syndrome.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025">{{ | Recent reviews suggest that Guduchi may have beneficial effects on diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and related features of metabolic syndrome.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025">{{Mansouri M, Imenshahidi M, Rameshrad M, Hosseinzadeh H. Effects of Tinospora cordifolia (giloy) on metabolic syndrome components: a mechanistic review. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 May;398(5):4979-5009. doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03642-2. Epub 2024 Dec 28. PMID: 39731594.}}</ref> Anti‑diabetic and antihyperglycemic actions have been reported in animal models and some small human studies, including a randomized trial in diabetic dyslipidemia showing improvement in lipid profile, inflammatory markers, and metabolic‑syndrome prevalence with Guduchi‑stem supplementation.<ref name="DiabeticDyslipidemiaRCT">{{Cite journal |year=2024 |title=Tinospora cordifolia stem supplementation in diabetic dyslipidemia: an open‑labelled randomized controlled trial |journal=International Journal of Research and Pharmaceutical Sciences |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=100–107 |url=https://ffhdj.com/index.php/ffhd/article/view/208}}</ref> | ||
However, the overall evidence base still relies heavily on preclinical data and heterogeneous herbal preparations rather than standardized, large‑scale randomized trials.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025"/> | However, the overall evidence base still relies heavily on preclinical data and heterogeneous herbal preparations rather than standardized, large‑scale randomized trials.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025"/> | ||
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* Integration with, rather than substitution for, established medical therapies | * Integration with, rather than substitution for, established medical therapies | ||
== References == | === Indian Medicinal Plant Database, Phytochemistry And Therapeutics (IMPPAT) === | ||
Link: https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Tinospora%20crispa | |||
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]] | |||
This article is under development .. | |||
==References== | |||
<references> | <references> | ||
<ref name="AYUSHDossier">{{Cite web |url=https://ayush.gov.in/resources/pdf/quality_standards/guduchi_Book-Dossier.pdf |title=Technical Dossier on - Guduchi |format=PDF |publisher=Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India |year=2019 |access-date=2026-04-13}}</ref> | <ref name="AYUSHDossier">{{Cite web |url=https://ayush.gov.in/resources/pdf/quality_standards/guduchi_Book-Dossier.pdf |title=Technical Dossier on - Guduchi |format=PDF |publisher=Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India |year=2019 |access-date=2026-04-13}}</ref> | ||
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<ref name="OnePlantManyRoles">{{Cite journal |last=Kumar |first=Rajeev |title=Tinospora cordifolia: One plant, many roles |journal=Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=857–860 |year=2012 |pmid=23136574}}</ref> | <ref name="OnePlantManyRoles">{{Cite journal |last=Kumar |first=Rajeev |title=Tinospora cordifolia: One plant, many roles |journal=Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=857–860 |year=2012 |pmid=23136574}}</ref> | ||
<ref name="ScientificReports2019">{{Cite journal |year=2019 |title=Tinospora cordifolia protects against inflammation in a murine model of alcohol‑induced liver injury |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=10574 |doi=10.1038/s41598‑019‑47458‑0 |pmid=31 | <ref name="ScientificReports2019">{{Cite journal |year=2019 |title=Tinospora cordifolia protects against inflammation in a murine model of alcohol‑induced liver injury |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=10574 |doi=10.1038/s41598‑019‑47458‑0 |pmid=31 | ||