Charak Samhita

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Azadirachta indica A. Juss
{{#seo:
|title=Charak Samhita
|titlemode=append
|keywords= Nimba, Neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss,Charak Samhita, Dravyaguna, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,
|description='''Nimba''' (''Azadirachta indica'') is a plant species widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] and modern pharmacology for its broad spectrum of therapeutic applications
|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
|image_alt=charak samhita
|type=article
}}
[[wikipedia:Azadirachta_indica|Azadirachta indica A. Juss]]


{{Infobox
{{Infobox
Line 7: Line 16:
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Azadirachta indica A. Juss
|data2 = Azadirachta indica A. Juss
|label3 = Contributors
|label3 = Family
|data3 = --
|data3 = Meliaceae
|label4 = Year of publication  
|label4 = Availability
|data4 =  2021
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Publisher  
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 =  [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|data5 = Team Dravyaguna
|label6 = DOI  
|label6 = Year of publication  
|data6 = Awaited
|data6 =  2026
|label7 = Publisher  
|data7 =  [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI  
|data8 = Awaited
}}
}}
'''Nimba''' (''Azadirachta indica'') or Margosa tree is a plant species widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] and modern pharmacology for its broad spectrum of therapeutic applications.
== General Overview ==
* '''Taxonomic Name:''' ''Azadirachta indica'' A. Juss.
* '''Ayurvedic Designation:''' ''Nimba'' / ''Arishtha'' ("Reliever of Sickness")
* [[File:Nimba.jpg|thumb|'''Nimba (''Azadirachta indica'')''']]'''Primary Phytochemicals:''' Azadirachtin, Nimbolide, Nimbidin, Gedunin, Quercetin, Salannin
==Therapeutic uses==


==English name ==
Daha(burning), jwara (fever) , Krumi roga(worms), Kandu(itching), Kushtha(skin disease), Prameha(diabetes), Rakta pitta(bleeding disorder), Vrana(wound)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>


Margosa tree
==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Nimba, Pichumarda (Nimba is very efficacious drug when it comes to skin disease ), Arishta(it cures many disease, does good always if use.), Tiktaka(best drug having tikta rasa), Paribhadra(does good always if use), Hinguniryasa(the exudate from nimba resemble hingu niryasa.)


== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
==Synonyms in Bhavprakasa Nighantu==
Pichumarda<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 53, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>


Nimba, Pichumarda,  Arishta, Tiktaka, Paribhadra, Hinguniryasa, 
==Varieties==
# Nimba  
# Mahanimba
# Parvata nimba
# Akasa nimba
 
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==


{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])  || Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[pitta]]
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==  
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==  


Line 32: Line 77:
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity  
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity  
|-
|-
| 1 || Sutra sthana 2/7 || [[Vamana]] (Therapeutic emesis)
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/7 || [[Vamana]] (Therapeutic emesis)
|-
|-
| 2 || Sutra sthana 3/3 || Siddhatamachurnapradeha
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3 || Siddhatama churna pradeha(Local application)
|-
|-
| 3 || Sutra sthana 4/9(14) || Kandughnamahakashay
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(14) || Kandughna mahakashaya(anti-pruritic/itching)
|-
|-
| 4 || Sutra sthana 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapanamahakashaya
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapana mahakashaya(restoring consciousness)
|-
|-
| 5 || Sutra sthana 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapanamahakashaya
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/279 || Used in the treatment of Gaurava stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk)
|-
|-
| 6 || Ch Su 23/10  
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10  
| Santarpanajanya  vikar chikitsa
| Santarpanajanya  vikara chikitsa(Over-nutrition disorders)
|-
|-
|7
|7
|Ch Su 23/12
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/12
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa
|Santarpanajanya vikaar chikitsa(Over-nutrition disorders)
|-
|-
|8
|8
|Ch Su 27/97
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/97
|Shaka Varga
|Shaka Varga (Class of vegetables)
|-
|-
|9
|9
|Ch Vi 6/17
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi  Chikitsa
|Abhyantar Krimi  Chikitsa
|-
|-
|10
|10
|Ch.Vi.8/135
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani
|Vaman dravyani List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis
|-
|-
|11
|11
|Vimana Sthana 8/143
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha
|Tikta skandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|-
|12
|12
|Ch.Sha.8/32
|Ch.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/32
|Garbha shalya chikitsa
|Garbha shalya chikitsa
|-
|-
|13
|13
|[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22
|Vamanartha
|Vamanartha
|-
|-
|14
|14
|Cha.Sa.Chi.3/201
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/201
|Used as kwatha in Anydhyushka jwara.
|Used as kwatha in Anydyushka jwara
|-
|-
|15
|15
|Cha.Sa.Chi.3/204
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/204
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya.
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya
|-
|-
|16
|16
|Cha.Sa.Chi.3/224
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/224
|Used in formulation of Baladi Ghrita.
|Used in formulation of Baladi Ghrita
|-
|-
|17
|17
|Cha.Sa.Chi.3/241
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/241
|Used in niruha basti.
|Used in niruha basti
|-
|-
|18
|18
|Cha.Sa.Chi.3/252
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/252
|As an ingredient of Patoladi anuvasana basti.
|As an ingredient of Patoladi anuvasana basti
|-
|-
|19
|19
|Cha.Sa.Chi.3/258
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadhya taila.
|As an ingredient of Chandanadya taila
|-
|-
|20
|20
|Cha.Sa.Chi.3/307
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/307
|Used as Dhoopana dravya for Vishama jwara.
|Used as Dhoopana dravya for Vishama jwara
|-
|-
|21
|21
|Cha.Sa.Chi.4/38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/38
|As pathya ahara.
|As pathya ahara in Rakta Pitta
|-
|-
|22
|22
|Cha.Sa.Chi. 5/115
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]  5/115
|Ingredient of Rohinyadya  Ghrit for Pittaj Gulma
|Ingredient of Rohinyadya  Ghrita for Pittaja Gulma
|-
|-
|23
|23
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 6/30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/30
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj Prameh
|Used for making decoction in Pittaja Prameha
|-
|-
|24
|24
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 6/31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/31
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj Prameh
|Used for making decoction in Pittaja Prameha
|-
|-
|25
|25
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 6/38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/38
|Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrit in Vata-kaphaj prameh
|Trikantakadhya Taila/Ghrita in Vata-kaphaja prameha
|-
|-
|26
|26
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/43
|As Vaman dravya  
|As Vamana dravya  
|-
|-
|27
|27
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/46
|As Asthapan Basti dravya
|As Asthapan Basti dravya
|-
|-
|28
|28
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/47
|As Anuvasan Basti dravya
|As Anuvasana Basti dravya
|-
|-
|29
|29
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/57
|For Scrapping
|For Scrapping
|-
|-
|30
|30
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/65
|Ingredient in Mustadi  Churna  
|Ingredient in Mustadi  Churna  
|-
|-
|31
|31
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/68
|Ingredient in Triphaladi  Churna
|Ingredient in Triphaladi  Churna
|-
|-
|32
|32
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/82
|Pathya diet in Kushth
|Pathya diet in Kushtha
|-
|-
|33
|33
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/97
|Ingredient in Kushthaghna  Yog
|Ingredient in Kushthaghna  Yoga
|-
|-
|34
|34
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/100
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/100
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaj Kushth
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaja Kushtha
|-
|-
|35
|35
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/101
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/101
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaj Kushth
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaja Kushtha
|-
|-
|36
|36
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/103
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth
|Bahyaprayogartha taila in Kushtha
|-
|-
|37
|37
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/112
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/112
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri  Tail
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri  Taila
|-
|-
|38
|38
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/129
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/129
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth, Pana, Snan
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogartha, Pana, Snana
|-
|-
|39
|39
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/131
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/131
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogath in Pittaj Kushth
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth in Pittaja Kushtha
|-
|-
|40
|40
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/135
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/135
|For Rakta and pitta  Shamana
|For Rakta and Pitta Shamana
|-
|-
|41
|41
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/136
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/136
|Ingredient in Vata-Pitta nashak Ghrit
|Ingredient in Vata-Pitta Nashak Ghrita
|-
|-
|42
|42
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/140
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/140
|Ingredient in Tiktashatpala  Ghrit
|Ingredient in Tiktashatpala  Ghrita
|-
|-
|43
|43
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/144
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/144
|Ingredient in Mahatikta  Ghrit
|Ingredient in Mahatikta  Ghrita
|-
|-
|44
|44
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/152
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/152
|Ingredient in Mahakhadir Ghrit
|Ingredient in Mahakhadira Ghrita
|-
|-
|45
|45
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/157
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/157
|Snan, Pana and Pradeh in  Galit-Kushth
|Snana, Pana and Pradeh in  Galit-Kushtha
|-
|-
|46
|46
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/158
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/158
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth, Pana, Snan, Lepa
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth, Pana, Snana, Lepa
|-
|-
|47
|47
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 10/33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/33
|Ingredient in oil preparation for Bahyaprayogarth
|Ingredient in oil preparation for Bahyaprayogartha
|-
|-
|48
|48
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/63
|As a Pathya Diet In  treatment of Shvayathu
|As a Pathya Diet in treatment of Shvayathu
|-
|-
|49
|49
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/72
|As an Unmardan dravya  in Kaphaj Shvayathu
|As an Unmardan dravya  in Kaphaja Shvayathu
|-
|-
|50
|50
|Cha Sa.Chikitsa Sthana14/186  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186  
|Used for raktastambhana
|Used for rakta stambhana
|-
|-
|51
|51
|Cha Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 14/214
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/214
|Used for  parisechana in rakta arsha
|Used for  parishechana in rakta arsha
|-
|-
|52
|52
|Cha Sa.Chikitsa Sthana14/220
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/220
|Used for pratisarana  in rakta arsha
|Used for pratisarana  in rakta arsha
|-
|-
|53
|53
|Cha Sa.Chikitsa Sthan
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/126   
 
|As an  ingredient of Chandanadya ghrita
15/126   
|As an  ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|-
|54
|54
|Cha Sa.Chikitsa Sthan
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/138
 
15/138
|As an  ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|As an  ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|-
|-
|55
|55
|Cha Sa.Chikitsa Sthan
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/181
 
15/181
|As an  ingredient of Bhunimbadhya Kshara
|As an  ingredient of Bhunimbadhya Kshara
|-
|-
|56
|56
|Cha Sa.Chikitsa Sthan
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
 
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
15/189
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|-
|57
|57
|Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/46
|As an ingredient of Katukadi Ghrit
|As an ingredient of Katukadi Ghrita
|-
|-
|58
|58
|Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/53
|Used in Haridradi Ghrita
|Used in Haridradi Ghrita
|-
|-
|59
|59
|Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/63
|Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/63
|Formulation which use in treatment of pandu
|-
|-
|60
|60
|Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/87
|As an ingredient of Shilajatu vataka
|As an ingredient of Shilajatu vataka
|-
|-
|61
|61
|Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 17/97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/97
|Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
|Used in yusha preparation for hikka shvasa
|-
|-
|62
|62
|Cha.Sa.Chi.20/34  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/34  
|For vamana in Kaphaja chhardi
|For vamana(emesis) in Kaphaja chhardi
|-
|-
|63
|63
|Cha.Sa.Chi.20/35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/35
|As a pathya ahara in kaphaja chhardi.
|As a pathya ahara(wholesome diet) in kaphaja chhardi
|-
|-
|64
|64
|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/51
|For Vamana karma.
|For Vamana karma
|-
|-
|65
|65
|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/54
|For Kashaya pana.
|For Kashaya (decoction) pana
|-
|-
|66
|66
|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/52
|For Vamana karma.
|For Vamana (emesis) karma
|-
|-
|67
|67
|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/59
|For Kashaya pana.
|For Kashaya (decoction)pana
|-
|-
|68
|68
|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/97
|As a prakshalana  prayoga for vrana – ropana.
|As a prakshalana  prayoga for vrana – ropana
|-
|-
|69
|69
|Cha.Sa.Chi.23/51  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/51  
|For Agada pana in 8<sup>th</sup> vega of visha.
|For Agada pana in 8<sup>th</sup> vega of visha
|-
|-
|70
|70
|Cha.Sa.Chi.23/69  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/69  
|For Anjana prayoga, if obstruction is there in eye.
|For Anjana prayoga, obstruction in eye
|-
|-
|71
|71
|Cha.Sa.Chi.23/79  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/79  
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada.
|As an ingredient of Maha-Gandha hasti agada
|-
|-
|72
|72
|Cha.Sa.Chi.23/202  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/202  
|As an ingredient of Madhukadi yoga.
|As an ingredient of Madhukadi yoga
|-
|-
|73
|73
|Cha.Sa.Chi.23/243
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/243
|As an ingredient of Amruta ghrita.
|As an ingredient of Amruta ghrita
|-
|-
|74
|74
|Cha.sa.chi.24/160
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/160
|Used as lepa in Madhyajanita daha.
|Used as lepa in Madyajanita daha
|-
|-
|75
|75
|Cha.sa.Chi.25/84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/84
|Used as vranashodhaka kashaya
|Used as vranashodhaka kashaya
|-
|-
|76
|76
|Cha.sa.Chi.25/85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/85
|Used as vranashodhaka lepa.
|Used as vranashodhaka lepa
|-
|-
|77
|77
|Cha.sa.Chi.25/90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/90
|As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila.
|As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila
|-
|-
|78
|78
|Cha.sa.Chi.25/90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/239
|As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila.
|Used for aaschotana in Kaphaja  netraroga
|-
|-
|79
|79
|Cha.sa.Chi.26/239
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/27
|Used for aaschotana in Kaphaja netraroga.
|As Pathya in  Urustambha(Diseases of thigh and hip)
|-
|-
|80
|80
|Cha.Sa.Chi.27/27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/52
|As Pathya in Urustambha
|As an ingredient of Tarkaryadi Parishechana
|-
|-
|81
|81
|Cha.Sa.Chi.27/52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/50
|As an ingredient  of Tarkaryadi Parisechana
|As an ingredient  of Utsadana Yoga
|-
|-
|82
|82
|Cha.Sa.Chi.27/50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/148
|As an ingredient  of Utsadana Yoga
|Apply lepa for Kaphaja Vatarakta
|-
|-
|83
|83
|Cha.Sa.chi.29/148
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/74
|Apply lepa for Kaphaja Vatarakta.
|As an ingredient of Udumbaradi taila
|-
|-
|84
|84
|Cha.Sa.Chi.30/74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/82
|As an ingredient of Udumbaradi taila.
|For yoni prakshalana
|-
|-
|85
|85
|Cha.Sa.Chi.30/82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/99
|For yoni prakshalana.
|Used in the treatment of Kaphaja pradara
|-
|-
|86
|86
|Cha.Sa.Chi.30/99
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/253
|Used in the treatment of Kaphaja pradara.
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk), for vamana
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.Chi.30/253
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha, for vamana.
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.Chi.30/279
|Used in the treatment of Gaurava stanya dosha.
|-
|}
|}


== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==  
==Dose==
* 2-4 g. of the drug in powder form. 
* Decoction should be used externally.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>
 
==Useful part== 
* Stem bark<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>
 
==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>
* Sudarsana churna
* Nimbadi kwatha
* Nimbadi churna
* Panchanimba churna
* Panchatikta ghruta guggulu
* Pathyadi kwatha churna
== Current availability==
 
Available
 
== Current researches ==
== Pharmacological Profile & Mechanisms ==
''Azadirachta indica'' exerts multi-targeted therapeutic action through phytocompounds that modulate cellular signaling pathways including p53, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and Nrf2.<ref name="Alzohairy2016" />


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties  
|+ Pharmacological Properties and Bioactivities of ''Azadirachta indica''
! Therapeutic Category !! Primary Active Compounds !! Key Molecular Targets & Bioactivities
|-
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
| '''Antimicrobial & Dental''' || Azadirachtin, Mahmoodin || Biofilm disruption; growth inhibition of ''S. mutans'', ''E. faecalis'', and ''C. albicans''
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])  || Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu)
| '''Anticancer & Antiproliferative''' || Nimbolide, Azadiradione || Apoptosis induction via p53/pTEN upregulation and downregulation of Bcl-2 and PI3K/Akt
|-
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[pitta]]
| '''Anti-inflammatory & Analgesic''' || Nimbidin, Sodium Nimbidate || Suppression of macrophage/neutrophil activity and inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
|-
|-
| '''Reproductive & Contraceptive''' || Neem seed oil extracts || Spermicidal action and anti-ovulatory efficacy without reducing libido
|}
|}
 
== Current availability==


Available
== Key Clinical & Preclinical Evidence ==
=== Antimicrobial & Dental Health ===
Aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts exhibit potent broad-spectrum activity against oral pathogens. In endodontic and periodontal models, ''A. indica'' preparations suppress polymicrobial biofilms with efficacy comparable to chlorhexidine rinses.<ref name="Wylie2022" />
 
=== Oncological Management ===
Active limonoids—primarily nimbolide—suppress cellular proliferation and induce apoptosis in androgen-receptor (AR)-positive and AR-negative prostate cancer lines. Preclinical xenograft models demonstrate significant tumor weight reduction via combined inhibition of AR signaling and the PI3K/Akt pathway.<ref name="Batra2022" />
 
=== Anti-inflammatory Activity ===
Crude bitter constituents, notably nimbidin, demonstrate dose-dependent anti-inflammatory action in acute paw edema and arthritis assays, suppressing cellular exudation and systemic inflammatory cascades.<ref name="Alzohairy2016" />
 
=== Fertility Control ===
Concentrated seed extracts act as localized spermicides and systemic contraceptives by interrupting sperm membrane integrity and blocking folliculogenesis without disrupting secondary sex hormones.<ref name="Patil2021" />
 
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="Alzohairy2016">{{cite journal |last1=Alzohairy |first1=M. A. |title=Therapeutics Role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Their Active Constituents in Diseases Prevention and Treatment |journal=Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine |volume=2016 |year=2016 |pages=7382506 |doi=10.1155/2016/7382506 |pmid=27034694 |pmc=4791507}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Batra2022">{{cite journal |last1=Batra |first1=N. |last2=Kumar |first2=V. E. |last3=Nambiar |first3=R. |title=Exploring the therapeutic potential of Neem (Azadirachta Indica) for the treatment of prostate cancer: a literature review |journal=Annals of Translational Medicine |volume=10 |issue=13 |year=2022 |pages=754 |doi=10.21037/atm-22-94 |pmid=35928741 |pmc=9358521}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Patil2021">{{cite journal |last1=Patil |first1=S. M. |last2=Shirahatti |first2=P. S. |last3=V B |first3=C. K. |last4=Ramu |first4=R. |last5=M N |first5=N. P. |title=Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) as a contraceptive: An evidence-based review on its pharmacological efficiency |journal=Phytomedicine |volume=88 |year=2021 |pages=153596 |doi=10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153596 |pmid=34116323}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Wylie2022">{{cite journal |last1=Wylie |first1=M. R. |last2=Merrell |first2=D. S. |title=The Antimicrobial Potential of the Neem Tree Azadirachta indica |journal=Frontiers in Pharmacology |volume=13 |year=2022 |pages=891535 |doi=10.3389/fphar.2022.891535 |pmid=35711603 |pmc=9198380}}</ref>
}}
 
==External Links==


== Current researches ==
[https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Azadirachta%20indica IMPPAT database]


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