Talk:Guduchi: Difference between revisions

Tinospora cordifolia (WILLD.) HOOK.F. & THOMS.

 

''Guduchi'' ({{langx|sa|गुडूची}}), commonly known as [[Giloy]], is the Sanskrit name for the medicinal plant [[Tinospora cordifolia]] (Willd.) Hook. f. & Thomson of the family [[Menispermaceae]].<ref name="AYUSHDossier">{{Cite web |url=https://ayush.gov.in/resources/pdf/quality_standards/guduchi_Book-Dossier.pdf |title=Technical Dossier on - Guduchi |format=PDF |publisher=Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India |year=2019 |access-date=2026-04-13}}</ref> It holds a prominent place in [[Ayurveda]] as a [[Rasayana]] (rejuvenative) herb and is widely used for conditions such as fever, jaundice, musculoskeletal disorders, skin diseases, and metabolic ailments.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/>

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The principal medicinal source of Guduchi is the stem of ''Tinospora cordifolia''.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> The plant is a deciduous, climbing shrub with simple, heart‑shaped leaves and small, greenish flowers.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> The genus ''Tinospora'' includes several species, and correct identification is important because some related species (e.g., ''Tinospora crispa'') have been implicated in hepatotoxicity reports.<ref name="LiverTox">{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK608429/ |title=Tinospora – LiverTox |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH |year=2025 |access-date=2026-04-13}}</ref>

|Tiktaskandha

|Kshira vishodhan dravya

|Vamanarth

|Used in Patoladi niruhabasti.

|Used for making decoction in Pittaj  Prameh

|Ingredient in Kanakabindurisht

|Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth

|Ingredient in Mahatikta  Ghrit

|Ingredient in Mahakhadir Ghrit

|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu

|Ingredient in Punarnavadhyarisht

|Used in  preparation of Pancham Kshara

|For parisechana in yoni shula.

==Important Formulations==

*  125 mg–1000 mg of Guduchi satva, taken with appropriate anupana (vehicle)

Other countries : Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Myanmar, Burma, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand

Modern phytochemical studies have identified more than 200 compounds in ''Tinospora cordifolia'' and related species, including diterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, sesquiterpenoids, and phenolics.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview">{{Cite journal |last2= … |year=2020 |title=Tinospora cordifolia: a review of its immunomodulatory, anti‑inflammatory and other pharmacological activities |journal=Integrative Medicine Research |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=e100553 |doi=10.1016/j.imr.2020.100553 |pmid=33480818}}</ref> Key constituents reported in the literature include:<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/><ref name="OnePlantManyRoles">{{Cite journal |last=Kumar |first=Rajeev |title=Tinospora cordifolia: One plant, many roles |journal=Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=857–860 |year=2012 |pmid=23136574}}</ref>

*  Anti‑inflammatory effects: Reduction of pro‑inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‑α and IL‑1β.<ref name="ImmunomodulatoryReview"/><ref name="ScientificReports2019">{{Cite journal |last=… |year=2019 |title=Tinospora cordifolia protects against inflammation in a murine model of alcohol‑induced liver injury |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=10574 |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-47458-0 |pmid=31332238}}</ref>

Recent reviews suggest that Guduchi may have beneficial effects on diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and related features of metabolic syndrome.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025">{{Cite journal |year=2025 |title=Effects of Tinospora cordifolia (giloy) on metabolic syndrome components: a mechanistic review |journal=Naunyn‑Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology |volume=398 |issue=5 |pages=4979–5009 |doi=10.1007/s00210‑024‑03642‑2 |pmid=39731594}}</ref> Anti‑diabetic and antihyperglycemic actions have been reported in animal models and some small human studies, including a randomized trial in diabetic dyslipidemia showing improvement in lipid profile, inflammatory markers, and metabolic‑syndrome prevalence with Guduchi‑stem supplementation.<ref name="DiabeticDyslipidemiaRCT">{{Cite journal |year=2024 |title=Tinospora cordifolia stem supplementation in diabetic dyslipidemia: an open‑labelled randomized controlled trial |journal=International Journal of Research and Pharmaceutical Sciences |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=100–107 |url=https://ffhdj.com/index.php/ffhd/article/view/208}}</ref>

In recent years, several case reports and reviews have described herb‑induced liver injury associated with Guduchi or ''Tinospora''‑containing products.<ref name="LiverTox"/><ref name="LiverInjury2023">{{Cite journal |last=Nnamani |first=I. |year=2023 |title=Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi/Giloy)‑induced liver injury |journal=BMJ Case Reports |volume=16 |issue=11 |pages=e254123 |doi=10.1136/bcr‑2023‑254123 |pmid=37273324}}</ref><ref name="PMC2021LiverInjury">{{Cite journal |year=2021 |title=Liver injury following Tinospora cordifolia consumption: a case series |journal=International Journal of General Medicine |volume=14 |pages=11131–11137 |doi=10.2147/IJGM.S345678 |pmcid=PMC8766689}}</ref>

The NIH LiverTox resource notes that Guduchi‑associated liver injury can range from mild elevation of liver enzymes to clinically significant hepatitis and, rarely, acute liver failure, with some cases showing autoimmune‑like features.<ref name="LiverTox"/> Many cases occur in patients with pre‑existing liver disease or autoimmune predisposition and may be idiosyncratic or immune‑mediated.<ref name="LiverTox"/><ref name="LiverInjury2023"/>

PubMed‑based trend analyses indicate a substantial increase in publications on Guduchi, rising from several hundred articles in the early 2010s to over 900 indexed studies by 2024, reflecting growing scientific interest.<ref name="IMRReview2020"/><ref name="AYUSHDossier"/> This growth reflects heightened scientific and public interest but does not, by itself, equate to high‑quality clinical evidence.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025"/>

Most of the current evidence is from preclinical studies, mechanistic investigations, small trials, and narrative reviews; large, well‑designed randomized controlled trials are still limited.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025"/><ref name="IMRReview2020"/>

From an Ayurvedic perspective, Guduchi is regarded as a classical Rasayana with broad therapeutic indications, supported by long‑standing clinical experience.<ref name="AYUSHDossier"/><ref name="OnePlantManyRoles"/> From a modern evidence‑based medicine standpoint, it is best viewed as a promising but not yet fully established botanical agent for conditions such as metabolic syndrome, certain inflammatory disorders, and liver and immune‑mediated conditions.<ref name="MetabolicReview2025"/><ref name="IMRReview2020"/>

   This article is under development ..