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Acorus calamus L.
{{Infobox
|title = Vacha
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Vacha
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Acorus calamus L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Araceae
|label4 = Availability  
|data4 = Available 
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication 
|data6 =  2024
|label7 = Publisher 
|data7 =  [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI 
|data8  = Awaited
}}

==English name == 

Sweet flag

==Therapeutic Uses==
Colic pain (sula), Epilepsy (apasmara), Bronchial asthma (svasa), Cough (kasa), Constipation (vibandha), Insanity (unmade), Abdominal distension (adhmana), Ear discharge (karna Srava), Smrti daurbalya<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
Calamus aromaticus Garsault
==Raja nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi, Raj Nighantu of Pandit Narahari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas academy, Varanasi; Pippalyadi Varga – 52.</ref>
# Vacha – Acorus calamus
# Sweta vacha – Iris germanica

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Vacha, Haimavati, Shadgrantha (Rhizome of vacha has more than six nodes on it), Ugragandha (very strong odour), Golomi (rhizome of vacha has hairs over it resembling the hair of cow), Lomasa (rhizome is hairy).

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Shataparvika, Kshudra patri, Mangalya (auspicious drug), Jatilogra<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Haritakyadi Varga, verse no. 102, p.42.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties == 

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties 
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])  || Pungent (katu), Bitter(tikta)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Sharp (tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Vata
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions == 

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity 
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/9
| Virechana  (Therapeutic purgation)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
|Churna  pradeha(external application)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(3)
| Lekhaniya (emaciating)mahakashaya
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(11)
| Truptighna(anti-satiety)  mahakashaya
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(12)
|Arshoghna(anti-hemorrhoids)  mahakashaya
|-
|6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(25)
|Asthapanopag (helping corrective enema) mahakashaya
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(42)
|Sheetaprashamana(pacifying cold) mahakashaya
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48)
|Sandnyasthapana (restoring consciousness)  mahakashaya
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/15
|Santarpanajanya  vikar chikitsa(treatment of disease of Over-nutrition)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/34
|Garbhasya  pratimasik karma
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/38
|Sukha prasavarth
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/47
|Jatamatra balak paricharya
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/61
|Kshirajanan  karma
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/14
|Vamanartha(for emesis)
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/16
|Preparations of Trivrut
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54
|Trivrutadi Modaka
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58
|Hemantkalina Trivrut Yoga
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/25
|Body  purification before rasayana treatment
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/204
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/250
|As an ingredient of Jeevantyadi anuvasana basti
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|In formulation of Agurvadi taila
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/307
|In Vishamajwara for Dhoopana
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/70
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya  ghrita
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80
|Ingredient of Hingvadi  churna
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/86
|Ingredient of Shatyadi  Churna
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/44
|Ingredient in Bhallatakadya  Ghrita for Kaphaj Gulma
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/38
|Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrit in Vata-kaphaj prameh(diabetes)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/68
|Ingredient in Triphaladi  Churna
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/100
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri  Taila
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/75
|As a Swedan (fomentation)dravya
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/45
|Ingredient in Mahapaishachik  Ghrita
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/64
|Used as Nashya and Anjan  prayogarth
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/69
|Ingredient in Siddharthakadi  Agada
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/25
|Ingredient in Brahmi Ghrita
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/27
|Ingredient in Vachadi Ghrita
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/34
|Ingredient in Palankashadi  taila
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/42
|As a Nasya dravya
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/64
|Ingredient in Atattvabhinivesh  nashak yoga
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/109 
|In treatment  of Udara roga  (for parisheka)
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/104
|In treatment  of pleehodara (takraprayoga)
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/124
|As an  ingredient of gavakshyadi churna
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/126
|As an  ingredient of narayan churna
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/134
|As an  ingredient of hapushdya churna
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/158
|In  formulation of pippalyadi lavan
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/163
|In  formulation of Ksharvatika
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/41

|Used in  swedana kriya(fomentation therapy)

|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/53 
|As an  ingredient of traushnadi churna

|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/131
|Used in  anuvasan basti
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/99

|Churna of  this drug with combination of ativisa,musta,devdaru etc. is given in aam and  shoola yukta mala

|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/101
|Churna of  this drug with combination of hingu,ativisa, abhaya etc is used in Sama and  Vatakapha adhika grahani with kostha shoola
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/103
|Used in  condition of shoola in kaphapittaja grahani
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/125
|As an  ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/134, 
15/137
|As an  ingredient of Kiratadhya churna
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/182
|As an  ingredient of Bhunimbadhya Kshara
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
|Used in  preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/143
|As an ingredient of  Tejovatyadi ghrita
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/36
|As a ghrita  dravya
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/53
|As an ingredient  of chitrakadi leha
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/112

|As an ingredient  of kataphaladi kwath
|-
|63
|
Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/161
|As an ingredient  of guduchyadi ghrita
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/20
|As a pramathya dravya
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/22
|As a ama pachak dravya
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/27
|As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/45
|As a anuvasana dravya
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/105
|
As a kwath dravya 
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/118
|As piccha basti dravya.
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/70
|As an ingredient of Gandha hasti agada
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/80
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/212
|Used in the treatment of Vishvambhara etc. kita  poison
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/20
|As an ingredient of  Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/21
|As an ingredient of  Vachadi churna
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/22
|As an ingredient of 2<sup>nd</sup>  Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/61
|As an ingredient of  Pashanbhedadi churna
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/85
|As an ingredient of  Pushkarmuladi yoga
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/97
|Used in kaphaja hrudroga(heart disease)
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/138
|Used in Vataja Pratishyaya (rhinitis) for Nasya karma
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/152
|Used in Kaphaja  Pratishyaya(rhinitis) for Pradhamana nasya
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/153
|As an ingredient of  Bhargyadi taila
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/209
|As an ingredient of Khadiradi gutika
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/223
|As an ingredient of  Devadarvyadi taila for Karnashoola
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/226
|As an ingredient of Kshara taila
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/31

|As an ingredient  of Urustambha nashak Yoga
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/36

|As an ingredient  of Swarnakshiradi yoga
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/41
|As an ingredient  of Piluparnyadi Yoga
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/154
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/161
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/168
|As an ingredient of Mulakadhya taila
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/149
|Apply lepa for Vatakaphaja Vatarakta
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/152
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi kalka in tridoshaja shola
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/54
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi yoga
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/252
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha, for vamana
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/273
|Used in the treatment of Dorgandhya Stanya dosha
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/277
|Used in the treatment of Pichhila stanya
|-
|}

==Dose==
Churna 
* 60 – 120 mg (therapeutic dose)
* 1 – 2 gm (for inducing vomiting)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>
* Vachadi Taila
* Vacha Lashunadi Taila
* Sarasvata Churna
* Sarasvatarishta
* Manasamitra Vataka
* Chandraprabha Vati
* Khadiradi Vati
* Hingu Vachadi Churna

== Current availability== 

Available 
* In India –
Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, West bengal, bihar, Odisha, Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Tamil nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka
* Out of India
 –
China, Japan, Sri lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Europe, Germany, Russia, Canada, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Australia, Oceania

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

 This article is under development ..