Talk:Dhanyaka: Difference between revisions

|label6 = Year of publication

|data6 = 2026

|label7 = Publisher

|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]

|label8 = DOI

|data8 = Awaited

'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriander Coriandrum sativum L.]''', popularly known as '''Dhanyaka''' (Coriander), is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). Its seeds (fruits) and fresh aerial parts are used as a culinary spice and as a medicinal drug in [[Ayurveda]] for digestive, antipyretic and burning conditions.

==English name==

Atisara (diarrhoea), Chardi (vomiting), Daha (burning sensation), Jwara (fever), Trushna (thirst), Ajirna (indigestion)<ref name="ref1" />

==Ayurvedic pharmacological properties==

|+ Properties

| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Astringent (kashaya), Bitter (tikta)

| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]]) || Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions==

! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity

* 1–3 g of drug in powder form<ref name="ref1" />

As per A.P.I.

==Current availability==

==Phytoconstituents==

Coriander is a source of lipids rich in petroselinic acid and of an essential oil rich in linalool, both obtained from the seeds and the aerial parts.<ref name="Sahib2013" />

 

==Pharmacological Activities and Therapeutic Efficacy==

All studies below are preclinical (animal or in vitro). No controlled human clinical trial is cited in this monograph.

 

The crude extract of coriander fruit stimulated the isolated guinea-pig ileum through an atropine-sensitive (cholinergic) effect, whereas in rabbit jejunum it produced contraction followed, in the presence of atropine, by relaxation similar to a calcium channel blocker. The authors suggested this may explain its use in dyspepsia, abdominal colic and diarrhoea.<ref name="Jabeen2009" />

===Antioxidant activity===

In rats fed a high-fat diet, coriander seeds significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxides, free fatty acids and glutathione, whereas the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased.<ref name="Chithra1999" />

===Anti-inflammatory activity (Daha)===

The hydroalcoholic seed extract showed anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema model and anti-granuloma activity in the cotton-pellet and adjuvant-stimulated macrophage models in rats, which the authors considered to support its traditional use in arthritis and other inflammatory disorders.<ref name="Nair2013" />

===Antidiabetic activity===

Coriander in the diet (62.5 g/kg) and drinking water (2.5 g/l) reduced hyperglycaemia of streptozotocin-diabetic mice, and an aqueous extract stimulated insulin secretion from a clonal B-cell line and glucose uptake in isolated mouse muscle.<ref name="Gray1999" />

==Safety, Toxicity and Dosage==

* '''Toxicity:''' No toxicity study could be verified for this monograph, so no toxicity statement is made.

* '''Precautions (no experimental reference cited):''' Persons with known hypersensitivity to Apiaceae plants should be cautious. As the studies above report glucose-lowering and blood-pressure-lowering effects in animals, persons on antidiabetic or antihypertensive medicines should use medicinal amounts only under medical supervision.

* '''Standard therapeutic dose:''' Seed powder (churna) 1–3 g daily, or as directed by an Ayurvedic physician (see Dose above).

==Summary of Therapeutic Profile==

|+ Therapeutic applications of ''Coriandrum sativum'' (preclinical evidence)

! Part / preparation studied

! Principal finding

| '''Burning, inflammation / Daha'''

| Seed hydroalcoholic extract

| Anti-inflammatory and anti-granuloma activity in rats

| '''Hyperglycaemia'''

| Diet and aqueous extract

| Lower blood glucose in diabetic mice; insulin-releasing activity in vitro

==References==

<ref name="Sahib2013">{{cite journal |last1=Sahib |first1=N. G. |last2=Anwar |first2=F. |last3=Gilani |first3=A. H. |last4=Hamid |first4=A. A. |last5=Saari |first5=N. |last6=Alkharfy |first6=K. M. |year=2013 |title=Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): a potential source of high-value components for functional foods and nutraceuticals - a review |journal=Phytotherapy Research |volume=27 |issue=10 |pages=1439–1456 |doi=10.1002/ptr.4897}}</ref>

<ref name="Jabeen2009">{{cite journal |last1=Jabeen |first1=Q. |last2=Bashir |first2=S. |last3=Lyoussi |first3=B. |last4=Gilani |first4=A. H. |year=2009 |title=Coriander fruit exhibits gut modulatory, blood pressure lowering and diuretic activities |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=122 |issue=1 |pages=123–130}}</ref>

<ref name="Chithra1999">{{cite journal |last1=Chithra |first1=V. |last2=Leelamma |first2=S. |year=1999 |title=Coriandrum sativum changes the levels of lipid peroxides and activity of antioxidant enzymes in experimental animals |journal=Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=59–61}}</ref>

<ref name="Nair2013">{{cite journal |last1=Nair |first1=V. |last2=Singh |first2=S. |last3=Gupta |first3=Y. K. |year=2013 |title=Anti-granuloma activity of Coriandrum sativum in experimental models |journal=Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=13–18 |doi=10.4103/0975-9476.109544}}</ref>

<ref name="Gray1999">{{cite journal |last1=Gray |first1=A. M. |last2=Flatt |first2=P. R. |year=1999 |title=Insulin-releasing and insulin-like activity of the traditional anti-diabetic plant Coriandrum sativum (coriander) |journal=British Journal of Nutrition |volume=81 |issue=3 |pages=203–209 |pmid=10434846}}</ref>