Charak Samhita - User contributions [en]

Talk:Lavanga

2026-08-26T17:03:54Z

Dridhabala:

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|description='''''Syzygium aromaticum''''' (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry, widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] jurisprudence as '''Lavanga''' and commercially known as '''Clove''', is an evergreen tree belonging to the family [[Myrtaceae]].
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove Lavanga] (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry), widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] jurisprudence as '''Lavanga''' and commercially known as '''Clove''', is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae. Botanically, the drug comprises the dried, unopened flower buds of the plant. It is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>

{{Infobox
|title = Lavanga
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Amalaki
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Myrtaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2026
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
* '''Latin Name:''' ''Syzygium aromaticum''
* '''Family:''' Myrtaceae
* '''English Name:''' Clove
* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Lavanga

=== Botanical Synonyms ===
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.

== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
* '''Synonyms in Charaka Samhita:'''
** ''Lavanga''
* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>
** ''Devakusuma''; The flowers are used to worship gods and considered the best among flowers.
** ''Shreesangna''; Auspicious in nature.
** ''Shree Prasunaka''; Possessing beautiful flowers.

== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
According to Ayurvedic pharmacodynamics, the properties (''Rasa Panchaka'') of Lavanga are summarized below:<ref name="API" />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
|-
| 1 || '''Taste (''[[Rasa]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
|-
| 2 || '''Potency (''[[Veerya]]'')''' || Cold (''Sheeta'')
|-
| 3 || '''Post-digestion Effect (''[[Vipaka]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu'')
|-
| 4 || '''Qualities (''[[Guna]]'')''' || Light (''Laghu''), Sharp (''Tikshna'')
|-
| 5 || '''Actions (''[[Karma]]'')''' || ''Sulahara'' (pain-relieving), ''Dipana'' (digestive stimulant), ''Kasahara'' (alleviates cough), ''Kaphapitta Shamaka'' (pacifies Kapha and Pitta), ''Pachana'' (digestive), ''Ruchya'' (taste enhancer)
|}

== References in Charaka Samhita ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Indication
|-
| 1 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77 || Used as mouth fresheners (''Mukhadurgandhanashaka'')
|-
| 2 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/210 || As an active ingredient of ''Khadiradi Gutika''
|-
| 3 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153 || As an active ingredient of ''Bala Taila''
|}

== Therapeutic Uses ==
Lavanga is therapeutically indicated in the management of:<ref name="API" />
* ''Amlapitta'' (Hyperacidity / Acidity)
* ''Swasa'' (Breathlessness / Dyspnea)
* ''Chardi'' (Vomiting)
* ''Adhmana'' (Abdominal distension / Flatulence)
* ''Hikka'' (Hiccups)
* ''Kasa'' (Cough)
* ''Kshaya'' (Wasting / Phthisis)
* ''Trushna'' (Excessive thirst)

== Dosage & Administration ==
* '''Powder (''Churna''):''' 0.5 – 2.0 g of the drug in powder form.<ref name="API" />

== Important Formulations ==
* ''Lavangadi Vati''
* ''Lavangadi Churna''

== Habitat & Availability ==
* '''Status:''' Available
* '''Geographical Distribution:''' Cultivated in India primarily across the southern states of '''Kerala''' and '''Karnataka'''.

== Current Research ==

== Phytochemical & Bioactive Profile ==

The primary therapeutic potential of Lavanga resides in its volatile essential oil ('''Clove Oil'''), which yields 15% to 20% of the dried flower bud weight. The volatile profile is dominated by phenylpropanoids and sesquiterpenes:<ref name="AbdulAziz2023">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abdul Aziz AH, Rizkiyah DN, Qomariyah L, Irianto I, Che Yunus MA, Putra NR |title=Unlocking the Full Potential of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Spice: An Overview of Extraction Techniques, Bioactivity, and Future Opportunities in the Food and Beverage Industry |journal=Processes |volume=11 |issue=8 |pages=2453 |year=2023 |doi=10.3390/pr11082453}}</ref>

* '''[[Eugenol]] (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol):''' Accounts for 70–90% of the total essential oil content. It functions as the primary bioactive constituent responsible for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial actions.
* '''Eugenyl Acetate:''' Comprises 2–15% of the oil, contributing to the sedative, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic profile.
* '''[[Beta-Caryophyllene|β-Caryophyllene]]:''' Represents 5–12% of the oil, acting as a selective [[Cannabinoid receptor type 2|cannabinoid receptor type-2]] (CB2) agonist with anti-inflammatory properties.
* '''Polyphenols & Tannins:''' Contains gallic acid, ellagic acid, and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) providing antioxidant protection.

== Pharmacological Mechanisms & Therapeutic Efficacy ==

=== 1. Analgesic & Local Anesthetic Action ===
''Syzygium aromaticum'' has a longstanding record in dental medicine for the mitigation of odontogenic pain.

* '''Mechanism:''' Eugenol reversibly blocks voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV) in primary nociceptive neurons, inhibiting action potential generation along A-δ and C pain fibers. Additionally, eugenol activates and subsequently desensitizes Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels on sensory nerve endings.
* '''Efficacy:''' Clinical and preclinical models confirm its utility as a topical local anesthetic, demonstrating comparable analgesic efficacy to benzocaine in oral mucosa applications.

=== 2. Anti-Inflammatory & Immunomodulatory Activity ===
Lavanga significantly attenuates both acute and chronic inflammatory responses.<ref name="Ahmad2023">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ahmad RM, Ibrahim OMM |title=Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Oil Extract Against Chronic Inflammation in Rat |journal=Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=77–84 |year=2023 |doi=10.17582/journal.aavs/2024/12.1.77.84}}</ref>

* '''Mechanism:''' Eugenol acts as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways, suppressing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids (prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4).
* '''Pathways:''' It downregulates Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) translocation, decreasing downstream expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Recent studies demonstrate its ability to modulate the IL-36/IL-17A axis in inflammatory skin conditions.<ref name="Ho2026">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ho TY |title=Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and its bioactive constituent eugenol alleviate psoriatic inflammation by modulating the IL-36/IL-17A axis: a proteomic and mechanistic study |journal=Frontiers in Pharmacology |volume=17 |pages=1839501 |year=2026 |doi=10.3389/fphar.2026.1839501}}</ref>

=== 3. Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial & Antifungal Efficacy ===
* '''Antibacterial:''' Eugenol disrupts bacterial cell membrane integrity, inducing intracellular ion leakage (K+, Mg2+), membrane depolarization, and ATP depletion.<ref name="Tariq2025">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tariq H |title=Syzygium aromaticum (clove buds) as a natural antibacterial agent against multi-drug resistant pathogens: A narrative review |journal=PMC |volume=PMC12558857 |year=2025}}</ref> It shows potent minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against ''Staphylococcus aureus'', ''Escherichia coli'', ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', and multidrug-resistant oral pathogens (''Porphyromonas gingivalis'').
* '''Biofilm Disruption:''' Inhibits bacterial quorum sensing and disrupts mature biofilms up to ~90%.<ref name="Tariq2025" />
* '''Antifungal:''' Demonstrates activity against ''Candida albicans'' by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis and damaging fungal cell wall structure.

=== 4. Antioxidant & Cytoprotective Capacities ===
* '''Mechanism:''' Free radical scavenging occurs via hydrogen atom transfer from the phenolic hydroxyl group of eugenol, stabilizing reactive oxygen species (ROS).<ref name="Rahim2025">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rahim N |title=Evaluating the multifaceted bioactivity of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil and eugenol: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and theoretical insights |journal=PMC |volume=PMC11913364 |year=2025}}</ref>
* '''Endogenous Defense:''' Up-regulates phase II antioxidant enzymes—including Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)—via activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway.

=== 5. Chemopreventive & Antineoplastic Potential ===
* '''Mechanism:''' Eugenol induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in diverse malignancy cell lines by downregulating Bcl-2, upregulating Bax, increasing ROS accumulation, and triggering caspase-3/9 cleavage.<ref name="Zari2021">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zari AT, Zari TA, Hakeem KR |title=Anticancer Properties of Eugenol: A Review |journal=Molecules |volume=26 |issue=23 |pages=7407 |year=2021 |doi=10.3390/molecules26237407}}</ref>
* '''Synergy:''' Exhibits chemotherapeutic synergy when combined with agents like cisplatin and doxorubicin, inhibiting cancer stem cell markers and invasiveness.<ref name="Zari2021" />

== Summary of Therapeutic Indications ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Therapeutic Indications and Mechanisms
|-
! Therapeutic Domain !! Primary Mechanism of Action !! Clinical / Traditional Application
|-
| '''Odontology''' || NaV channel blockade; TRPV1 desensitization || Toothache, pulpitis, dry socket (''alveolar osteitis''), gingivitis
|-
| '''Gastroenterology''' || Smooth muscle relaxation; mucosal prostaglandin synthesis || Dyspepsia, flatulence, gastric ulceration, intestinal colic
|-
| '''Dermatology & Topicals''' || NF-κB inhibition; IL-36/IL-17 pathway suppression || Inflammatory dermatoses, fungal tinea infections, local pruritus
|-
| '''Respiratory Medicine''' || Spasmolytic action on bronchial smooth muscle; mucolytic || Cough, bronchitis, upper respiratory catarrh
|}

== Safety Profile, Toxicology, & Contraindications ==
* '''Toxicity:''' [[Generally recognized as safe|Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)]] by the FDA as a food additive. However, concentrated clove oil applied undiluted can cause mucosal irritation, tissue necrosis, or contact dermatitis.
* '''Overdose Risk:''' Oral ingestion of concentrated eugenol in high doses (>10–12 mL) can induce systemic toxicity characterized by acute liver injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), metabolic acidosis, and central nervous system depression.
* '''Drug Interactions:''' Due to antiplatelet effects mediated through thromboxane A2 inhibition, caution is warranted when co-administered with oral anticoagulants (e.g., [[Warfarin]]) or antiplatelet agents (e.g., [[Aspirin]], [[Clopidogrel]]).

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External Links ==
[[Herbs details]]
[https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Syzygium%20aromaticum IMPPAT database]

Talk:Karanja

2026-08-26T17:01:23Z

Dridhabala:

{{Infobox plant
| name = Karanja
| image = Pongamia_pinnata.jpg
| image_caption = Foliage and flowers of ''Pongamia pinnata'' (Indian beech)
| binomial_name = ''Pongamia pinnata'' (L.) Pierre
| family = Fabaceae (Papilionaceae)
| common_names = Indian beech, Pongam oil tree
| synonyms = ''Naktamala'', ''Chirabilvaka''
}}

'''Karanja''' (Latin: ''Pongamia pinnata'' Pierre, English: '''Indian beech''') is a medium-sized deciduous or evergreen tree belonging to the family Fabaceae (traditionally Papilionaceae). In Ayurveda, it is celebrated for its potent anthelmintic (''Krumighna''), wound-cleansing and healing (''Vrana Shodhana''), and dermatological (''Kushthaghna'') properties.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 40.</ref>

== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
* '''Botanical Name:''' ''Pongamia pinnata'' (L.) Pierre
* '''Family:''' Papilionaceae (Fabaceae)
* '''English Name:''' Indian beech
* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Karanja

== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Guduchyadi varga, verse no. 119–120.</ref>
** ''Karanja'' – The flowers of Karanja are curved/shaped like nails.
** ''Naktamala'' – The flowers bloom/blossom during the night.
** ''Chirabilvaka''

== Varieties ==
Classical texts recognize several varieties of Karanja:

=== According to Bhavaprakash Nighantu ===
# '''Ghrita Karanja'''
# '''Kantakari Karanja'''
# '''Karanji'''

=== According to Raja Nighantu ===
# '''Karanja'''
# '''Ghrita Karanja'''
# '''Mahakaranja'''
# '''Putikaranja'''
# '''Guccha Karanja'''
# '''Ritha Karanja'''<ref name="RajaNighantu">Dr. Indradev Tripathi, ''Raja Nighantu of Pandit Narhari''. Edition 2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, Prabhadradi varga, verse no. 62, 64, 67, 68, 70, 72.</ref>

== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
According to Ayurvedic pharmacodynamics, the properties (''Rasa Panchaka'') of Karanja are summarized below:<ref name="API" />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
|-
| 1 || '''Taste (''[[Rasa]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
|-
| 2 || '''Potency (''[[Veerya]]'')''' || Hot (''Ushna'')
|-
| 3 || '''Post-digestion Effect (''[[Vipaka]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu'')
|-
| 4 || '''Qualities (''[[Guna]]'')''' || Sharp (''Tikshna'')
|-
| 5 || '''Actions (''[[Karma]]'')''' || ''Krumijit'' (anthelmintic / antiparasitic), ''Kushthaghna'' (cures skin diseases), ''Kaphavatahara'' (pacifies Kapha and Vata doshas), ''Vrana Shodhana'' (cleanses and purifies wounds/ulcers)
|}

== References in Charaka Samhita ==
Karanja is extensively mentioned in the ''Charaka Samhita'' across various clinical contexts and formulations:

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Formulation / Indication
|-
| 1 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3 || Formulations used for local external application
|-
| 2 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/13 || Rasanjanadi formulation
|-
| 3 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/14 || Haridradi formulation
|-
| 4 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/15 || Manahshiladi formulation
|-
| 5 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/73 || Used as a tooth-cleaning twig (toothbrush / ''Dantadhavana'')
|-
| 6 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 13/10 || Classification as vegetable/plant sources of lipids (''Sneha Dravya'')
|-
| 7 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 14/31 || Ingredient of decoction used for steam fomentation (''Nadi Sweda'')
|-
| 8 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 14/43 || Ingredient of decoction used for steam fomentation (''Nadi Sweda'')
|-
| 9 || Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 2/4 || Mentioned in context as an etiological factor in bleeding disorders (''Raktapitta'')
|-
| 10 || Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 7/17 || Used in the management and treatment of parasitic infestations (''Krumi Roga'')
|-
| 11 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/48 || Ingredient of therapeutic formulations used in skin diseases (''Kushtha'')
|-
| 12 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/56 || Ingredient of formulations used in the treatment of skin diseases (''Kushtha'')
|-
| 13 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/91 || Ingredient of ''Siddharthaka Snana'' (medicated bath) for dermatoses
|-
| 14 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/93 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 15 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/94 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 16 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/111 || Ingredient of ''Kanakaksheeri Tailam''
|-
| 17 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/119 || Formulation drug (''Yoga Dravya'') used in skin diseases (''Kushtha'')
|-
| 18 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/152 || Ingredient of ''Maha Khadira Ghrita''
|-
| 19 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/158 || Formulation drug used in parasitic / infective dermatoses (''Krumi Kushtha'')
|-
| 20 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/44 || Used in nasal errhines / errhine therapy (''Nasya'')
|-
| 21 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/67 || Ingredient of medicated water used for therapeutic baths
|-
| 22 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/57 || Formulation drug used for external therapeutic application
|-
| 23 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/101 || Formulation drug in the treatment of hemorrhoids associated with constipation
|-
| 24 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/179 || Ingredient in alkaline preparations (''Kshara Kalpana'')
|-
| 25 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/137 || Formulation drug used in the treatment of cystic erysipelas (''Granthi Visarpa'')
|-
| 26 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/69 || Formulation drug utilized for nasal administration (''Nasya'')
|-
| 27 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/70 || Ingredient of ''Gandhahasti Agada''
|-
| 28 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/79 || Ingredient of ''Mahagandhahastinama Agada''
|-
| 29 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/209 || Formulation drug used in scorpion bite poisoning
|-
| 30 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/216 || Formulation drug used in the treatment of house lizard venom poisoning
|-
| 31 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/246 || Ingredient of ''Amrita Ghrita''
|-
| 32 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/57 || Formulation drug used in the treatment of Kaphaja dysuria (''Kaphaja Mutrakruccha'')
|-
| 33 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/154 || Formulation drug used in Kaphaja coryza and chronic rhinitis (''Dushta Pratishyaya'')
|-
| 34 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/186 || Formulation drug in Kaphaja, Sannipatika, and parasite-induced head disorders (''Shiroroga'')
|-
| 35 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/34 || Used as a formulation drug (''Yoga Dravya'')
|-
| 36 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/49 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 37 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/57 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 38 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/11 || Classified as a purgative / therapeutic evacuation drug (''Virechana Dravya'')
|-
| 39 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/14 || Ingredient of medicated ghee (''Ghrita'') preparation
|}

== Therapeutic Uses ==
Karanja is clinically indicated for:<ref name="API" />
* ''Vrana'' (Wounds, ulcers, and non-healing lesions)
* ''Krumi'' (Helminthiasis, worm infestations, and microbes)
* ''Kustha'' (Dermatological conditions, leprosy, and stubborn skin diseases)

== Dosage & Administration ==
* '''Powder (''Churna''):''' 0.25 g of the drug powder.<ref name="API" />
* '''Decoction (''Kwatha''):''' 5 – 10 g of the crude drug for preparing decoctions.<ref name="API" />

== Important Formulations ==
* ''Aragvadhadi Kwatha Churna''
* ''Pathyadi Lepa''

== Habitat & Availability ==
* '''Status:''' Available
* '''Geographical Distribution:''' Distributed throughout India, frequently growing along riverbanks, lakes, streams, and tidal forests.

== Current Research ==
* Phytochemical profile & research database: [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Pongamia%20pinnata IMPPAT Phytochemical Profile: Pongamia pinnata]

== References ==
<references />

Talk:Karanja

2026-08-26T16:42:13Z

Dridhabala: Created page with "{{Infobox plant | name = Karanja | image = Pongamia_pinnata.jpg | image_caption = Foliage and flowers of ''Pongamia pinnata'' (Indian beech) | binomial_name = ''Pongamia pinnata'' (L.) Pierre | family = Fabaceae (Papilionaceae) | common_names = Indian beech, Pongam oil tree | synonyms = ''Naktamala'', ''Chirabilvaka'' }} '''Karanja''' (Latin: ''Pongamia pinnata'' Pierre, English: '''Indian beech''') is a m..."

{{Infobox plant
| name = Karanja
| image = Pongamia_pinnata.jpg
| image_caption = Foliage and flowers of ''Pongamia pinnata'' (Indian beech)
| binomial_name = ''Pongamia pinnata'' (L.) Pierre
| family = Fabaceae (Papilionaceae)
| common_names = Indian beech, Pongam oil tree
| synonyms = ''Naktamala'', ''Chirabilvaka''
}}

'''Karanja''' (Latin: ''Pongamia pinnata'' Pierre, English: '''Indian beech''') is a medium-sized deciduous or evergreen tree belonging to the family Fabaceae (traditionally Papilionaceae). In Ayurveda, it is celebrated for its potent anthelmintic (''Krumighna''), wound-cleansing and healing (''Vrana Shodhana''), and dermatological (''Kushthaghna'') properties.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 40.</ref>

== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
* '''Botanical Name:''' ''Pongamia pinnata'' (L.) Pierre
* '''Family:''' Papilionaceae (Fabaceae)
* '''English Name:''' Indian beech
* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Karanja

== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Guduchyadi varga, verse no. 119–120.</ref>
** ''Karanja'' – The flowers of Karanja are curved/shaped like nails.
** ''Naktamala'' – The flowers bloom/blossom during the night.
** ''Chirabilvaka''

== Varieties ==
Classical texts recognize several varieties of Karanja:

=== According to Bhavaprakash Nighantu ===
# '''Ghrita Karanja'''
# '''Kantakari Karanja'''
# '''Karanji'''

=== According to Raja Nighantu ===<ref name="RajaNighantu">Dr. Indradev Tripathi, ''Raja Nighantu of Pandit Narhari''. Edition 2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, Prabhadradi varga, verse no. 62, 64, 67, 68, 70, 72.</ref>
# '''Karanja'''
# '''Ghrita Karanja'''
# '''Mahakaranja'''
# '''Putikaranja'''
# '''Guccha Karanja'''
# '''Ritha Karanja'''

== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
According to Ayurvedic pharmacodynamics, the properties (''Rasa Panchaka'') of Karanja are summarized below:<ref name="API" />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
|-
| 1 || '''Taste (''[[Rasa]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
|-
| 2 || '''Potency (''[[Veerya]]'')''' || Hot (''Ushna'')
|-
| 3 || '''Post-digestion Effect (''[[Vipaka]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu'')
|-
| 4 || '''Qualities (''[[Guna]]'')''' || Sharp (''Tikshna'')
|-
| 5 || '''Actions (''[[Karma]]'')''' || ''Krumijit'' (anthelmintic / antiparasitic), ''Kushthaghna'' (cures skin diseases), ''Kaphavatahara'' (pacifies Kapha and Vata doshas), ''Vrana Shodhana'' (cleanses and purifies wounds/ulcers)
|}

== References in Charaka Samhita ==
Karanja is extensively mentioned in the ''Charaka Samhita'' across various clinical contexts and formulations:

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Formulation / Indication
|-
| 1 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3 || Formulations used for local external application
|-
| 2 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 3/13 || Rasanjanadi formulation
|-
| 3 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 3/14 || Haridradi formulation
|-
| 4 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 3/15 || Manahshiladi formulation
|-
| 5 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 5/73 || Used as a tooth-cleaning twig (toothbrush / ''Dantadhavana'')
|-
| 6 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 13/10 || Classification as vegetable/plant sources of lipids (''Sneha Dravya'')
|-
| 7 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 14/31 || Ingredient of decoction used for steam fomentation (''Nadi Sweda'')
|-
| 8 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 14/43 || Ingredient of decoction used for steam fomentation (''Nadi Sweda'')
|-
| 9 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Nidana Sthana]] 2/4 || Mentioned in context as an etiological factor in bleeding disorders (''Raktapitta'')
|-
| 10 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Vimana Sthana]] 7/17 || Used in the management and treatment of parasitic infestations (''Krumi Roga'')
|-
| 11 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/48 || Ingredient of therapeutic formulations used in skin diseases (''Kushtha'')
|-
| 12 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/56 || Ingredient of formulations used in the treatment of skin diseases (''Kushtha'')
|-
| 13 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/91 || Ingredient of ''Siddharthaka Snana'' (medicated bath) for dermatoses
|-
| 14 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/93 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 15 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/94 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 16 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/111 || Ingredient of ''Kanakaksheeri Tailam''
|-
| 17 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/119 || Formulation drug (''Yoga Dravya'') used in skin diseases (''Kushtha'')
|-
| 18 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/152 || Ingredient of ''Maha Khadira Ghrita''
|-
| 19 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/158 || Formulation drug used in parasitic / infective dermatoses (''Krumi Kushtha'')
|-
| 20 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/44 || Used in nasal errhines / errhine therapy (''Nasya'')
|-
| 21 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/67 || Ingredient of medicated water used for therapeutic baths
|-
| 22 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/57 || Formulation drug used for external therapeutic application
|-
| 23 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/101 || Formulation drug in the treatment of hemorrhoids associated with constipation
|-
| 24 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/179 || Ingredient in alkaline preparations (''Kshara Kalpana'')
|-
| 25 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/137 || Formulation drug used in the treatment of cystic erysipelas (''Granthi Visarpa'')
|-
| 26 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/69 || Formulation drug utilized for nasal administration (''Nasya'')
|-
| 27 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/70 || Ingredient of ''Gandhahasti Agada''
|-
| 28 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/79 || Ingredient of ''Mahagandhahastinama Agada''
|-
| 29 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/209 || Formulation drug used in scorpion bite poisoning
|-
| 30 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/216 || Formulation drug used in the treatment of house lizard venom poisoning
|-
| 31 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/246 || Ingredient of ''Amrita Ghrita''
|-
| 32 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/57 || Formulation drug used in the treatment of Kaphaja dysuria (''Kaphaja Mutrakruccha'')
|-
| 33 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/154 || Formulation drug used in Kaphaja coryza and chronic rhinitis (''Dushta Pratishyaya'')
|-
| 34 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/186 || Formulation drug in Kaphaja, Sannipatika, and parasite-induced head disorders (''Shiroroga'')
|-
| 35 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/34 || Used as a formulation drug (''Yoga Dravya'')
|-
| 36 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/49 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 37 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/57 || Used as an external application (''Lepa'')
|-
| 38 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/11 || Classified as a purgative / therapeutic evacuation drug (''Virechana Dravya'')
|-
| 39 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/14 || Ingredient of medicated ghee (''Ghrita'') preparation
|}

== Therapeutic Uses ==
Karanja is clinically indicated for:<ref name="API" />
* ''Vrana'' (Wounds, ulcers, and non-healing lesions)
* ''Krumi'' (Helminthiasis, worm infestations, and microbes)
* ''Kustha'' (Dermatological conditions, leprosy, and stubborn skin diseases)

== Dosage & Administration ==
* '''Powder (''Churna''):''' 0.25 g of the drug powder.<ref name="API" />
* '''Decoction (''Kwatha''):''' 5 – 10 g of the crude drug for preparing decoctions.<ref name="API" />

== Important Formulations ==
* ''Aragvadhadi Kwatha Churna''
* ''Pathyadi Lepa''

== Habitat & Availability ==
* '''Status:''' Available
* '''Geographical Distribution:''' Distributed throughout India, frequently growing along riverbanks, lakes, streams, and tidal forests.

== Current Research ==
* Phytochemical profile & research database: [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Pongamia%20pinnata IMPPAT Phytochemical Profile: Pongamia pinnata]

== References ==
<references />

Talk:Lavanga

2026-08-25T16:37:30Z

Dridhabala:

{{Infobox plant
| name = Lavanga
| image = Clove_Syzygium_aromaticum.jpg
| image_caption = Fresh flower buds of ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (Clove)
| binomial_name = ''Syzygium aromaticum''
| family = Myrtaceae
| common_names = Clove
| synonyms =
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.
}}

'''Lavanga''' (Latin: ''Syzygium aromaticum'', English: '''Clove''') is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>

== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
* '''Latin Name:''' ''Syzygium aromaticum''
* '''Family:''' Myrtaceae
* '''English Name:''' Clove
* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Lavanga

=== Botanical Synonyms ===
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.

== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
* '''Synonyms in Charaka Samhita:'''
** ''Lavanga''
* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>
** ''Devakusuma'' – The flowers are used to worship gods and considered the best among flowers.
** ''Shreesangna'' – Auspicious in nature.
** ''Shree Prasunaka'' – Possessing beautiful flowers.

== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
According to Ayurvedic pharmacodynamics, the properties (''Rasa Panchaka'') of Lavanga are summarized below:<ref name="API" />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
|-
| 1 || '''Taste (''[[Rasa]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
|-
| 2 || '''Potency (''[[Veerya]]'')''' || Cold (''Sita'')
|-
| 3 || '''Post-digestion Effect (''[[Vipaka]]'')''' || Pungent (''Katu'')
|-
| 4 || '''Qualities (''[[Guna]]'')''' || Light (''Laghu''), Sharp (''Tikshna'')
|-
| 5 || '''Actions (''[[Karma]]'')''' || ''Sulahara'' (pain-relieving), ''Dipana'' (digestive stimulant), ''Kasahara'' (alleviates cough), ''Kaphapitta Shamaka'' (pacifies Kapha and Pitta), ''Pachana'' (digestive), ''Ruchya'' (taste enhancer)
|}

== References in Charaka Samhita ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Indication
|-
| 1 || Charaka Samhita [[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77 || Used as mouth fresheners (''Mukhadurgandhanashaka'')
|-
| 2 || Charaka Samhita [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/210 || As an active ingredient of ''Khadiradi Gutika''
|-
| 3 || Charaka Samhita [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153 || As an active ingredient of ''Bala Taila''
|}

== Therapeutic Uses ==
Lavanga is therapeutically indicated in the management of:<ref name="API" />
* ''Amlapitta'' (Hyperacidity / Acidity)
* ''Swasa'' (Breathlessness / Dyspnea)
* ''Chardi'' (Vomiting)
* ''Adhmana'' (Abdominal distension / Flatulence)
* ''Hikka'' (Hiccups)
* ''Kasa'' (Cough)
* ''Kshaya'' (Wasting / Phthisis)
* ''Trushna'' (Excessive thirst)

== Dosage & Administration ==
* '''Powder (''Churna''):''' 0.5 – 2.0 g of the drug in powder form.<ref name="API" />

== Important Formulations ==
* ''Lavangadi Vati''
* ''Lavangadi Churna''

== Habitat & Availability ==
* '''Status:''' Available
* '''Geographical Distribution:''' Cultivated in India primarily across the southern states of '''Kerala''' and '''Karnataka'''.

== Current Research ==
* Phytochemical profile & research database: [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Syzygium%20aromaticum IMPPAT Phytochemical Profile: Syzygium aromaticum]

== References ==
<references />

Talk:Lavanga

2026-08-25T16:33:56Z

Dridhabala:

Talk:Lavanga

2026-08-25T16:28:38Z

Dridhabala: /* Botanical & Vernacular Names */

{{Infobox plant
| name = Lavanga
| image = Clove_Syzygium_aromaticum.jpg
| image_caption = Fresh flower buds of ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (Clove)
| binomial_name = ''Syzygium aromaticum''
| family = Myrtaceae
| common_names = Clove
| synonyms =
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.
}}

'''Lavanga''' (Latin: ''Syzygium aromaticum'', English: '''Clove''') is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>

== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
* '''Latin Name:''' ''Syzygium aromaticum''
* '''Family:''' Myrtaceae
* '''English Name:''' Clove
* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Lavanga

=== Botanical Synonyms ===
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.

== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
* '''Synonyms in [[Charaka Samhita]]:'''
** ''Lavanga''
* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>
** ''Devakusuma'' – The flowers are used to worship gods and considered the best among flowers.
** ''Shreesangna'' – Auspicious in nature.
** ''Shree Prasunaka'' – Possessing beautiful flowers.

== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
According to Ayurvedic pharmacodynamics, the properties (''Rasa Panchaka'') of Lavanga are summarized below:<ref name="API" />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
|-
| 1 || '''Taste (''Rasa'')''' || Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
|-
| 2 || '''Potency (''Veerya'')''' || Cold (''Sita'')
|-
| 3 || '''Post-digestion Effect (''Vipaka'')''' || Pungent (''Katu'')
|-
| 4 || '''Qualities (''Guna'')''' || Light (''Laghu''), Sharp (''Tikshna'')
|-
| 5 || '''Actions (''Karma'')''' || ''Sulahara'' (pain-relieving), ''Dipana'' (digestive stimulant), ''Kasahara'' (alleviates cough), ''Kaphapitta Shamaka'' (pacifies Kapha and Pitta), ''Pachana'' (digestive), ''Ruchya'' (taste enhancer)
|}

== References in Charaka Samhita ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Indication
|-
| 1 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77 || Used as mouth fresheners (''Mukhadurgandhanashaka'')
|-
| 2 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/210 || As an active ingredient of ''Khadiradi Gutika''
|-
| 3 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153 || As an active ingredient of ''Bala Taila''
|}

== Therapeutic Uses ==
Lavanga is therapeutically indicated in the management of:<ref name="API" />
* ''Amlapitta'' (Hyperacidity / Acidity)
* ''Swasa'' (Breathlessness / Dyspnea)
* ''Chardi'' (Vomiting)
* ''Adhmana'' (Abdominal distension / Flatulence)
* ''Hikka'' (Hiccups)
* ''Kasa'' (Cough)
* ''Kshaya'' (Wasting / Phthisis)
* ''Trushna'' (Excessive thirst)

== Dosage & Administration ==
* '''Powder (''Churna''):''' 0.5 – 2.0 g of the drug in powder form.<ref name="API" />

== Important Formulations ==
* ''Lavangadi Vati''
* ''Lavangadi Churna''

== Habitat & Availability ==
* '''Status:''' Available
* '''Geographical Distribution:''' Cultivated in India primarily across the southern states of '''Kerala''' and '''Karnataka'''.

== Current Research ==
* Phytochemical profile & research database: [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Syzygium%20aromaticum IMPPAT Phytochemical Profile: Syzygium aromaticum]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Spices]]
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs]]
[[Category:Myrtaceae]]

Talk:Lavanga

2026-08-25T16:24:05Z

Dridhabala: Created page with "{{Infobox plant | name = Lavanga | image = Clove_Syzygium_aromaticum.jpg | image_caption = Fresh flower buds of ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (Clove) | binomial_name = ''Syzygium aromaticum'' | family = Myrtaceae | common_names = Clove | synonyms = * ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L. * ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill. * ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb. * ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison *..."

{{Infobox plant
| name = Lavanga
| image = Clove_Syzygium_aromaticum.jpg
| image_caption = Fresh flower buds of ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (Clove)
| binomial_name = ''Syzygium aromaticum''
| family = Myrtaceae
| common_names = Clove
| synonyms =
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.
}}

'''Lavanga''' (Latin: ''Syzygium aromaticum'', English: '''Clove''') is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>

== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
* '''Latin Name:''' ''Syzygium aromaticum''
* '''Family:''' [[Myrtaceae]]
* '''English Name:''' Clove
* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Lavanga

=== Botanical Synonyms ===
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.

== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
* '''Synonyms in [[Charaka Samhita]]:'''
** ''Lavanga''
* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>
** ''Devakusuma'' – The flowers are used to worship gods and considered the best among flowers.
** ''Shreesangna'' – Auspicious in nature.
** ''Shree Prasunaka'' – Possessing beautiful flowers.

== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
According to Ayurvedic pharmacodynamics, the properties (''Rasa Panchaka'') of Lavanga are summarized below:<ref name="API" />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
|-
| 1 || '''Taste (''Rasa'')''' || Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
|-
| 2 || '''Potency (''Veerya'')''' || Cold (''Sita'')
|-
| 3 || '''Post-digestion Effect (''Vipaka'')''' || Pungent (''Katu'')
|-
| 4 || '''Qualities (''Guna'')''' || Light (''Laghu''), Sharp (''Tikshna'')
|-
| 5 || '''Actions (''Karma'')''' || ''Sulahara'' (pain-relieving), ''Dipana'' (digestive stimulant), ''Kasahara'' (alleviates cough), ''Kaphapitta Shamaka'' (pacifies Kapha and Pitta), ''Pachana'' (digestive), ''Ruchya'' (taste enhancer)
|}

== References in Charaka Samhita ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Indication
|-
| 1 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77 || Used as mouth fresheners (''Mukhadurgandhanashaka'')
|-
| 2 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/210 || As an active ingredient of ''Khadiradi Gutika''
|-
| 3 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153 || As an active ingredient of ''Bala Taila''
|}

== Therapeutic Uses ==
Lavanga is therapeutically indicated in the management of:<ref name="API" />
* ''Amlapitta'' (Hyperacidity / Acidity)
* ''Swasa'' (Breathlessness / Dyspnea)
* ''Chardi'' (Vomiting)
* ''Adhmana'' (Abdominal distension / Flatulence)
* ''Hikka'' (Hiccups)
* ''Kasa'' (Cough)
* ''Kshaya'' (Wasting / Phthisis)
* ''Trushna'' (Excessive thirst)

== Dosage & Administration ==
* '''Powder (''Churna''):''' 0.5 – 2.0 g of the drug in powder form.<ref name="API" />

== Important Formulations ==
* ''Lavangadi Vati''
* ''Lavangadi Churna''

== Habitat & Availability ==
* '''Status:''' Available
* '''Geographical Distribution:''' Cultivated in India primarily across the southern states of '''Kerala''' and '''Karnataka'''.

== Current Research ==
* Phytochemical profile & research database: [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Syzygium%20aromaticum IMPPAT Phytochemical Profile: Syzygium aromaticum]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Spices]]
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs]]
[[Category:Myrtaceae]]

Talk:Vidanga

2025-08-18T10:05:58Z

Dridhabala:

Embelia ribes BURM.F.

{{Infobox
|title = Vidanga
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Vidanga
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Embelia ribes BURM.F.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Myrsinaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

--

== Therapeutic Uses==
Colic pain (Sula), Worms (krimiroga), Abdominal diseases (udararoga), abdominal distension (adhmana)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:77.</ref>

==Other varieties / Other botanical names==
Embelia robusta C.B.Cl.

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Krimighna(kills the worms), Krimihara, Chitratandula(seed of vidang has white spots on its surface), Jantunashana(efficacious drug in case of worm infestation)

== Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Tandul, vella(due to its delicate and flexible branches vidanga looks like a creeper), amodha<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Haritakyadi Varga, verse no. 111, p.50.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha), Sharp (tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify kapha and vata
|-
| 6 || Extra ordinary effect ([[prabhava]]) || Vermicide (krimigna)
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/81 || Phalini ([[Virechana]]) (Therapeutic Purgation)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/3 || Shirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/23 || Krimighniyavagu(gruel worm infestation)
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3 || Siddhatamachurnapradeha
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/64 || Anu tailadravya
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(11) || Truptighnamahakashay(anti-satiety)
|-
| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(13) || Kushthaghnamahakashay(anti-dermatosis)
|-
| 8 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(15) || Krimighnamahakashay(anti-helmintics)
|-
| 9 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(27) || Shirovirechanopagmahakashay( helping nasal errhine therapy)
|-
|10 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 21/23
| Management of obesity
|-
| 11 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/18
| Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsachikitsa (treatment of Over-nutrition disorder )
|-
| 12 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/19
| Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsachikitsa (treatment of Over-nutrition disorder )
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40
|Agrya Sangraha(collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi(worms) Chikitsa
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/21
|Abhyantar Krimi(worms) Chikitsa
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/22
|Abhyantar Krimi(worms) Chikitsa
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/24
|Abhyantar Krimi (worms) Chikitsa
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/25
|Abhyantar Krimi(worms) Chikitsa
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/142
|Katuskandha(group of pungent drugs)
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/34
|Garbhasya pratimasik karma
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/41
|Prajata stree paricharya
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/37
|Preparations of Trivrit awaleha
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/40
|Kalyanaka Guda
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/46
|Vyoshadi Modaka
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/25
|Body purification before rasayana treatment
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/2/9
|In formulation of vidangavaleha
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/65
|Ingredient in Trayushanaadi ghrita
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/86
|Ingredient of Shatyadi Churna
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/106
|Ingredient of Nilinyadya Ghrita
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/144
|Ingredient in Bhallatakadya Ghrita for Kaphaj Gulma
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/27
|Used for making decoction in Kaphaja prameh
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/28
|Used for making decoction in Kaphaja prameh
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/41
|Ingredient in Madhvasav
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/48
|As Nashya in Kushth
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/77
|Ingredient in Kanakabindurisht
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/84
|Kushthaghna lepa
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth(external application)
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/105
|Ingredient in Sweta-karaviradhya Taila
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/106
|Ingredient in Sweta-karavirapallavadhya Taila
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/109
|Ingredient in Tiktekshvadi Taila

For Abhyang in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/111
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/126
|Lepa in Mandal and Dadru Kushth
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/153
|Ingredient in Mahakhadir Ghrita
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/157
|Snan, Pana and Pradeh in Galit-Kushth
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/159
|As Krimihar dravya in treatment
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/160
|Kushthahar Yoga
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/161
|Kushthahar Yoga
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/167
|Shvitra nashak Lepa
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/37
|Ingredient in Kalyanak Ghrita
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/42
|Ingredient in Mahakalyanak Ghrita
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/29
|Ingredient in Gandiradhyarisht
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/39
|Ingredient in Triphaladhyarisht
|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/43
|Ingredient in Kshar Gudika
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/72
|As an Unmardan dravya in Kaphaja Shvayathu
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/80
|In preparation of vidangadi kshara (for pleehodara)
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/119
|As an ingredient of patoladi churna
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/125
|As an ingredient of narayan churna
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/148
|Kalka used in udara roga with ksheer
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/50
|Dhupan yoga in arsha roga
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/63
|As an ingredient of traushnadi churna
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/138
|As an ingredient of abhayarista
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/158
|As an ingredient of kanakarista
|-
|63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/88
|As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrita evum churna
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/146
|As an ingredient of madhookasava
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/154
|As an ingredient of Duralabhasava(Kaphaja grahani )
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/158
|As an ingredient of Mulasava
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/164
|As an ingredient of Madhvarista
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/7
|As an ingredient of Navayas Loha
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/73
|As an ingredient of Mandur Vataka
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/78
|As an ingredient of Suvarna Makshika Yoga
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/93
|As an ingredient of Punarnava Mandur
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/97
|As an ingredient of Darvyadi Leha
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/103
|As an ingredient of Mandura Vataka
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/103
|As an ingredient of As an ingredient of Vyoshadi Ghrit
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/47
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/52
|As an ingredient of vidangadi leha
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/174
|As an ingredient of padmakadi leha
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/178
|As an ingredient of jivantyadi leha
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/47
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/52
|As an ingredient of vidangadi leha
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/174
|As an ingredient of padmakadi leha
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/178
|As an ingredient of jivantyadi leha
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/182
|As an ingredient of yavagu
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/105
|As a kwatha dravya
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/111
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/37
|As an ingredient of Kaphaja chhardihara yoga
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/137
|As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/57
|As an ingredient of Mrita sanjivani agada
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/90
|As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/13
|Used to make Udavarta varti
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/20
|As an ingredient of Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/101
|Used in Hrudshoola
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/152
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya for pradhamana
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/153
|As an ingredient of Bhargyadi taila
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/184
|Used in Kaphaja Siroroga for Pradhamana nasya
|-
|97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/252
|As an ingredient of Sukhavati varti
|-
|98
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/254
|As an ingredient of Drustiprada varti
|-
|99
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/152
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi kalka in tridoshaja shola
|-
|}

==Dose==
Churna – 5 – 10 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:77.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:77.</ref>
* Vidangarishta
* Vidanga Lauha
* Vidangadi Lauha

== Current availability==

Available

* India –
Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand

* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, China, Kenya, Uganda

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Vasa

2025-08-18T10:01:12Z

Dridhabala:

Adhatoda vasica Nees.
{{Infobox
|title = Vasa
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Vasa
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Adhatoda vasica Nees.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Acanthaceae
|Label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Malabar nut<ref>The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:76.</ref>

==Therapeutic Uses==
Bronchial asthma (svasa), Jaundice (kamala), Cough (kasa), Tuberculosis (kshaya), Skin diseases (kustha), Diabetes mellitus (prameha), Intrinsic haemorrhage (raktapitta)<ref>The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:76.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
* Adeloda serrata Raf.
* Adhatoda pubescens Moench
* Adhatoda vasica Nees
* Adhatoda zeylanica Medik.
* Dianthera latifolia Salisb.
* Ecbolium adhatoda (L.) Kuntze
* Gendarussa adhadota (L.) Steud.

==Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, verse no. 88-89, p.306.</ref>
# Raktapushpa – Graptophyllum pictum Griff.
# Krushna – Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Vrushaka, Vrushamula, Simhika, Atarushaka, Tamra, Aturasa, Simhasya(flowers are resemble like mouth of a lion), Simhika, Bhishakmata, Tamra, Vrusha.

==Synonyms in Bhavprakasa nighantu==
Vaasaka, Vaasika, Vajidanta (flowers of vasa are white in colour as like that of teeth of horse), Simhaparna<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, verse no. 88-89, p.308 - 309.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Pitta
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3
|Siddhatama churna pradeha(external application)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 14/31
|Dravya for Nadi Sweda (fomentation)
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/96
|Shaka Varga(group of vegetables)
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/64
|In formulation of chyavanaprasha
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/222
|As an ingredient of Vasadi Ghrita
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/247
|Used in niruha basti.(enema)
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadhya taila
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/65
|As an ingredient of Atarushakadi kwatha
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/88
|As an ingredient of Vasaghrita
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/126
|Ingredient in Vasa Ghrit for Pittaj Gulma(abdominal lumps)
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/105
|Ghrit preparation in treatment of Daha(burning sensation)
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/67
|As a Snan dravya for Bahyaprayogarth
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/72
|As an Unmardan dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/44
|Used in avasechana in arsha roga(hemorrhoids)
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/153
|As an ingredient of dvitiya phalarista
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/214
|Used for parisechana in rakta arsha
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/125
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/243
|As an ingredient of Amruta ghrita
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/52
|Used in Sarva mutrakruchhra
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/60
|As an ingredient of Pashanbhedadi churna
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/69
|As an ingredient of Karpasmooladi yoga
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/239
|Used in Kaphaja netra roga for Aaschotana karma
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/170
|As an ingredient of Vrushamuladi taila
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/152
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi kalka in tridoshaja shola
|}

==Dose==
* Swarasa – 10 – 20 ml
* Kwatha – 10 – 20 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:76.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:76.</ref>
* Vasakavaleha

==Current availability ==
Available
* India
Kerala, karnataka, Tamil nadu, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Bengal, Assam
* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, China, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania

==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Varuna

2025-08-18T08:40:55Z

Dridhabala: /* Important formulations */

Crataeva religiosa Forst. f.
{{Infobox
|title = Varuna
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Varuna
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Crataeva religiosa Forst. f.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Capparidaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2023
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Three leaved caper

==Therapeutic Uses==
Renal stone (ashmari), Dysuria (mutrakrichhra), Abdominal lump (gulma), Abscess (vidradhi)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:75.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
Crateva magna (Lour.) DC
Capparis magna Lour.
Crateva lophosperma Kurz
Triclanthera corymbosa Raf.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Varuna, Tikta saka (leaves of varuna are bitter in taste)

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Varana, kumaraka (leaves of varuna remain tender for many days)<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, verse no. 65, p.530.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Vata
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 14/31
|Dravya for Nadi Sweda(fomentation)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/33
|Prajata stree paricharya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/165
|Pathya Diet in Gulma(abdominal lump)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/45
|Used in swedana kriya(fomentation therapy)
|}

==Dose==
Kwatha – 20 – 30 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:75.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:75.</ref>

* Varunadi kwatha churna

==Current availability ==
Available

* In India –
Commonly grows along riverbanks, marshy lands, and waterlodges areas in India.
States :- Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan (moist regions), Gujarat, Tamil nadu, karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Odisha, West bengal, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir
* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, Bangladesh, Nepal, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Oceania

==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Varuna

2025-08-18T08:40:17Z

Dridhabala:

Crataeva religiosa Forst. f.
{{Infobox
|title = Varuna
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Varuna
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Crataeva religiosa Forst. f.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Capparidaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2023
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Three leaved caper

==Therapeutic Uses==
Renal stone (ashmari), Dysuria (mutrakrichhra), Abdominal lump (gulma), Abscess (vidradhi)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:75.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
Crateva magna (Lour.) DC
Capparis magna Lour.
Crateva lophosperma Kurz
Triclanthera corymbosa Raf.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Varuna, Tikta saka (leaves of varuna are bitter in taste)

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Varana, kumaraka (leaves of varuna remain tender for many days)<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, verse no. 65, p.530.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Vata
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 14/31
|Dravya for Nadi Sweda(fomentation)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/33
|Prajata stree paricharya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/165
|Pathya Diet in Gulma(abdominal lump)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/45
|Used in swedana kriya(fomentation therapy)
|}

==Dose==
Kwatha – 20 – 30 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:75.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:75.</ref>
Varunadi kwatha churna

==Current availability ==
Available

* In India –
Commonly grows along riverbanks, marshy lands, and waterlodges areas in India.
States :- Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan (moist regions), Gujarat, Tamil nadu, karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Odisha, West bengal, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir
* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, Bangladesh, Nepal, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Oceania

==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Vacha

2025-08-18T08:38:07Z

Dridhabala:

Acorus calamus L.
{{Infobox
|title = Vacha
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Vacha
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Acorus calamus L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Araceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Sweet flag

==Therapeutic Uses==
Colic pain (sula), Epilepsy (apasmara), Bronchial asthma (svasa), Cough (kasa), Constipation (vibandha), Insanity (unmade), Abdominal distension (adhmana), Ear discharge (karna Srava), Smrti daurbalya<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
Calamus aromaticus Garsault
==Raja nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi, Raj Nighantu of Pandit Narahari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas academy, Varanasi; Pippalyadi Varga – 52.</ref>
# Vacha – Acorus calamus
# Sweta vacha – Iris germanica

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Vacha, Haimavati, Shadgrantha (Rhizome of vacha has more than six nodes on it), Ugragandha (very strong odour), Golomi (rhizome of vacha has hairs over it resembling the hair of cow), Lomasa (rhizome is hairy).

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Shataparvika, Kshudra patri, Mangalya (auspicious drug), Jatilogra<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Haritakyadi Varga, verse no. 102, p.42.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter(tikta)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Sharp (tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Vata
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/9
| Virechana (Therapeutic purgation)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
|Churna pradeha(external application)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(3)
| Lekhaniya (emaciating)mahakashaya
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(11)
| Truptighna(anti-satiety) mahakashaya
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(12)
|Arshoghna(anti-hemorrhoids) mahakashaya
|-
|6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(25)
|Asthapanopag (helping corrective enema) mahakashaya
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(42)
|Sheetaprashamana(pacifying cold) mahakashaya
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48)
|Sandnyasthapana (restoring consciousness) mahakashaya
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/15
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(treatment of disease of Over-nutrition)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/34
|Garbhasya pratimasik karma
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/38
|Sukha prasavarth
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/47
|Jatamatra balak paricharya
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/61
|Kshirajanan karma
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/14
|Vamanartha(for emesis)
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/16
|Preparations of Trivrut
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54
|Trivrutadi Modaka
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58
|Hemantkalina Trivrut Yoga
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/25
|Body purification before rasayana treatment
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/204
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/250
|As an ingredient of Jeevantyadi anuvasana basti
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|In formulation of Agurvadi taila
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/307
|In Vishamajwara for Dhoopana
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/70
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80
|Ingredient of Hingvadi churna
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/86
|Ingredient of Shatyadi Churna
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/44
|Ingredient in Bhallatakadya Ghrita for Kaphaj Gulma
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/38
|Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrit in Vata-kaphaj prameh(diabetes)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/68
|Ingredient in Triphaladi Churna
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/100
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/75
|As a Swedan (fomentation)dravya
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/45
|Ingredient in Mahapaishachik Ghrita
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/64
|Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/69
|Ingredient in Siddharthakadi Agada
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/25
|Ingredient in Brahmi Ghrita
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/27
|Ingredient in Vachadi Ghrita
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/34
|Ingredient in Palankashadi taila
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/42
|As a Nasya dravya
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/64
|Ingredient in Atattvabhinivesh nashak yoga
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/109
|In treatment of Udara roga (for parisheka)
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/104
|In treatment of pleehodara (takraprayoga)
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/124
|As an ingredient of gavakshyadi churna
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/126
|As an ingredient of narayan churna
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/134
|As an ingredient of hapushdya churna
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/158
|In formulation of pippalyadi lavan
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/163
|In formulation of Ksharvatika
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/41

|Used in swedana kriya(fomentation therapy)

|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/53
|As an ingredient of traushnadi churna

|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/131
|Used in anuvasan basti
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/99

|Churna of this drug with combination of ativisa,musta,devdaru etc. is given in aam and shoola yukta mala

|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/101
|Churna of this drug with combination of hingu,ativisa, abhaya etc is used in Sama and Vatakapha adhika grahani with kostha shoola
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/103
|Used in condition of shoola in kaphapittaja grahani
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/125
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/134,
15/137
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/182
|As an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya Kshara
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/143
|As an ingredient of Tejovatyadi ghrita
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/36
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/53
|As an ingredient of chitrakadi leha
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/112

|As an ingredient of kataphaladi kwath
|-
|63
|
Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/161
|As an ingredient of guduchyadi ghrita
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/20
|As a pramathya dravya
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/22
|As a ama pachak dravya
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/27
|As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/45
|As a anuvasana dravya
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/105
|
As a kwath dravya
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/118
|As piccha basti dravya.
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/70
|As an ingredient of Gandha hasti agada
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/80
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/212
|Used in the treatment of Vishvambhara etc. kita poison
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/20
|As an ingredient of Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/21
|As an ingredient of Vachadi churna
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/22
|As an ingredient of 2nd Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/61
|As an ingredient of Pashanbhedadi churna
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/85
|As an ingredient of Pushkarmuladi yoga
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/97
|Used in kaphaja hrudroga(heart disease)
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/138
|Used in Vataja Pratishyaya (rhinitis) for Nasya karma
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/152
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya(rhinitis) for Pradhamana nasya
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/153
|As an ingredient of Bhargyadi taila
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/209
|As an ingredient of Khadiradi gutika
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/223
|As an ingredient of Devadarvyadi taila for Karnashoola
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/226
|As an ingredient of Kshara taila
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/31

|As an ingredient of Urustambha nashak Yoga
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/36

|As an ingredient of Swarnakshiradi yoga
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/41
|As an ingredient of Piluparnyadi Yoga
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/154
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/161
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/168
|As an ingredient of Mulakadhya taila
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/149
|Apply lepa for Vatakaphaja Vatarakta
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/152
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi kalka in tridoshaja shola
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/54
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi yoga
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/252
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha, for vamana
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/273
|Used in the treatment of Dorgandhya Stanya dosha
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/277
|Used in the treatment of Pichhila stanya
|-
|}

==Dose==
Churna
* 60 – 120 mg (therapeutic dose)
* 1 – 2 gm (for inducing vomiting)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>
* Vachadi Taila
* Vacha Lashunadi Taila
* Sarasvata Churna
* Sarasvatarishta
* Manasamitra Vataka
* Chandraprabha Vati
* Khadiradi Vati
* Hingu Vachadi Churna

== Current availability==

Available
* In India –
Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, West bengal, bihar, Odisha, Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Tamil nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka
* Out of India
–
China, Japan, Sri lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Europe, Germany, Russia, Canada, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Australia, Oceania

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Vacha

2025-08-18T08:37:14Z

Dridhabala:

Acorus calamus L.
{{Infobox
|title = Vacha
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Vacha
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Acorus calamus L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Araceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Sweet flag

==Therapeutic Uses==
Colic pain (sula), Epilepsy (apasmara), Bronchial asthma (svasa), Cough (kasa), Constipation (vibandha), Insanity (unmade), Abdominal distension (adhmana), Ear discharge (karna Srava), Smrti daurbalya<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
Calamus aromaticus Garsault
==Raja nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi, Raj Nighantu of Pandit Narahari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas academy, Varanasi; Pippalyadi Varga – 52.</ref>
# Vacha – Acorus calamus
# Sweta vacha – Iris germanica

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Vacha, Haimavati, Shadgrantha (Rhizome of vacha has more than six nodes on it), Ugragandha (very strong odour), Golomi (rhizome of vacha has hairs over it resembling the hair of cow), Lomasa (rhizome is hairy).

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Shataparvika, Kshudra patri, Mangalya (auspicious drug), Jatilogra<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Haritakyadi Varga, verse no. 102, p.42.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter(tikta)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Sharp (tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Vata
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/9
| Virechana (Therapeutic purgation)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
|Churna pradeha(external application)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(3)
| Lekhaniya (emaciating)mahakashaya
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(11)
| Truptighna(anti-satiety) mahakashaya
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(12)
|Arshoghna(anti-hemorrhoids) mahakashaya
|-
|6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(25)
|Asthapanopag (helping corrective enema) mahakashaya
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(42)
|Sheetaprashamana(pacifying cold) mahakashaya
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48)
|Sandnyasthapana (restoring consciousness) mahakashaya
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/15
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(treatment of disease of Over-nutrition)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/34
|Garbhasya pratimasik karma
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/38
|Sukha prasavarth
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/47
|Jatamatra balak paricharya
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/61
|Kshirajanan karma
|-
|15
|[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/14
|Vamanartha(for emesis)
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/16
|Preparations of Trivrut
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54
|Trivrutadi Modaka
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58
|Hemantkalina Trivrut Yoga
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/25
|Body purification before rasayana treatment
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/204
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/250
|As an ingredient of Jeevantyadi anuvasana basti
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|In formulation of Agurvadi taila
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/307
|In Vishamajwara for Dhoopana
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/70
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80
|Ingredient of Hingvadi churna
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/86
|Ingredient of Shatyadi Churna
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/44
|Ingredient in Bhallatakadya Ghrita for Kaphaj Gulma
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/38
|Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrit in Vata-kaphaj prameh(diabetes)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/68
|Ingredient in Triphaladi Churna
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/100
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/75
|As a Swedan (fomentation)dravya
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/45
|Ingredient in Mahapaishachik Ghrita
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/64
|Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/69
|Ingredient in Siddharthakadi Agada
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/25
|Ingredient in Brahmi Ghrita
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/27
|Ingredient in Vachadi Ghrita
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/34
|Ingredient in Palankashadi taila
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/42
|As a Nasya dravya
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/64
|Ingredient in Atattvabhinivesh nashak yoga
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/109
|In treatment of Udara roga (for parisheka)
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/104
|In treatment of pleehodara (takraprayoga)
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/124
|As an ingredient of gavakshyadi churna
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/126
|As an ingredient of narayan churna
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/134
|As an ingredient of hapushdya churna
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/158
|In formulation of pippalyadi lavan
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/163
|In formulation of Ksharvatika
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/41

|Used in swedana kriya(fomentation therapy)

|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/53
|As an ingredient of traushnadi churna

|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/131
|Used in anuvasan basti
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/99

|Churna of this drug with combination of ativisa,musta,devdaru etc. is given in aam and shoola yukta mala

|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/101
|Churna of this drug with combination of hingu,ativisa, abhaya etc is used in Sama and Vatakapha adhika grahani with kostha shoola
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/103
|Used in condition of shoola in kaphapittaja grahani
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/125
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/134,
15/137
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/182
|As an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya Kshara
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/143
|As an ingredient of Tejovatyadi ghrita
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/36
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/53
|As an ingredient of chitrakadi leha
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/112

|As an ingredient of kataphaladi kwath
|-
|63
|
Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/161
|As an ingredient of guduchyadi ghrita
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/20
|As a pramathya dravya
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/22
|As a ama pachak dravya
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/27
|As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/45
|As a anuvasana dravya
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/105
|
As a kwath dravya
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/118
|As piccha basti dravya.
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/70
|As an ingredient of Gandha hasti agada
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/80
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/212
|Used in the treatment of Vishvambhara etc. kita poison
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/20
|As an ingredient of Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/21
|As an ingredient of Vachadi churna
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/22
|As an ingredient of 2nd Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/61
|As an ingredient of Pashanbhedadi churna
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/85
|As an ingredient of Pushkarmuladi yoga
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/97
|Used in kaphaja hrudroga(heart disease)
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/138
|Used in Vataja Pratishyaya (rhinitis) for Nasya karma
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/152
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya(rhinitis) for Pradhamana nasya
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/153
|As an ingredient of Bhargyadi taila
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/209
|As an ingredient of Khadiradi gutika
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/223
|As an ingredient of Devadarvyadi taila for Karnashoola
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/226
|As an ingredient of Kshara taila
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/31

|As an ingredient of Urustambha nashak Yoga
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/36

|As an ingredient of Swarnakshiradi yoga
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/41
|As an ingredient of Piluparnyadi Yoga
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/154
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/161
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/168
|As an ingredient of Mulakadhya taila
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/149
|Apply lepa for Vatakaphaja Vatarakta
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/152
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi kalka in tridoshaja shola
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/54
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi yoga
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/252
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha, for vamana
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/273
|Used in the treatment of Dorgandhya Stanya dosha
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/277
|Used in the treatment of Pichhila stanya
|-
|}

==Dose==
Churna
* 60 – 120 mg (therapeutic dose)
* 1 – 2 gm (for inducing vomiting)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:74.</ref>
* Vachadi Taila
* Vacha Lashunadi Taila
* Sarasvata Churna
* Sarasvatarishta
* Manasamitra Vataka
* Chandraprabha Vati
* Khadiradi Vati
* Hingu Vachadi Churna

== Current availability==

Available
* In India –
Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, West bengal, bihar, Odisha, Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Tamil nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka
* Out of India
–
China, Japan, Sri lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Europe, Germany, Russia, Canada, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Australia, Oceania

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Twak

2025-08-18T08:33:34Z

Dridhabala:

Cinnamomum zeylanicum DC
{{Infobox
|title = Twak
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Twak
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cinnamomum zeylanicum DC
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Lauraceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Cinnamon bark

==Therapeutic uses==
Haemorrhoids (arsha), Heart diseases (hrudroga), Worms (krumiroga), Thirst (trushna), Dryness of mouth (mukhasosha), Coryza (pinasa), Diseases of bladder (vastiroga), Diseases of throat (kantharoga)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:71.</ref>

==Other varieties / other botanical names==
* Camphorina cinnamomum (L.) Farw.
* Cinnamomum alexei Kosterm.
* Cinnamomum aromaticum J.Graham
* Cinnamomum barthii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum bengalense Lukman.
* Cinnamomum biafranum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum bonplandii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum boutonii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum capense Lukman.
* Cinnamomum cayennense Lukman.
* Cinnamomum cinnamomum (L.) H.Karst. nom. inval.
* Cinnamomum commersonii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum cordifolium Lukman.
* Cinnamomum decandollei Lukman.
* Cinnamomum delessertii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum ellipticum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum erectum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum humboldtii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum iners Wight nom. illeg.
* Cinnamomum karrouwa Lukman.
* Cinnamomum leptopus A.C.Sm.
* Cinnamomum leschenaultii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum madrassicum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum maheanum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum mauritianum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum meissneri Lukman.
* Cinnamomum ovatum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum pallasii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum pleei Lukman.
* Cinnamomum pourretii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum regelii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum roxburghii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum sieberi Lukman.
* Cinnamomum sonneratii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum vaillantii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum variabile Lukman.
* Cinnamomum wolkensteinii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum verum J.Presl
* Cinnamomum zollingeri Lukman.
* Laurus cinnamomum L.

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Twak

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Swadi, Tanutwaka, Darusita<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Karpuradi Varga, verse no. 66, p.216.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) ||Madhura(sweet), Katu(pungent), Tikta(bitter)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Ushna(hot)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) ||Katu(pungent)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])||Laghu(light), Ruksha(dry),Tikshna(sharp)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) ||Kaphavatahara,visaghna,kanthasuddhikara
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/23 ||Vamanartha (for emesis)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/25 || Preparations of Trivrit Avaleha
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/32 || Preparations of Trivrit Avaleha
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/34 || Preparations of Trivrit Avaleha
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/46 || Vyoshadi Modaka
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75 || Virechana Prayoga (for therapeutic purgation)
|-
|}

==Dose==
* Churna - 1-3 gm <ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:71.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:71.</ref>
* Sitopaladi churna
* Chaturjata churna

== Current availability==

Available
* In India –
Kerala, Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West bengal, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, Madagascar, Tanzania, Brazil, Colombia, Australia

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Twak

2025-08-18T08:32:39Z

Dridhabala:

Cinnamomum zeylanicum DC
{{Infobox
|title = Twak
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Twak
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cinnamomum zeylanicum DC
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Lauraceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Cinnamon bark

==Therapeutic uses==
Haemorrhoids (arsha), Heart diseases (hrudroga), Worms (krumiroga), Thirst (trushna), Dryness of mouth (mukhasosha), Coryza (pinasa), Diseases of bladder (vastiroga), Diseases of throat (kantharoga)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:71.</ref>

==Other varieties / other botanical names==
* Camphorina cinnamomum (L.) Farw.
* Cinnamomum alexei Kosterm.
* Cinnamomum aromaticum J.Graham
* Cinnamomum barthii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum bengalense Lukman.
* Cinnamomum biafranum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum bonplandii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum boutonii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum capense Lukman.
* Cinnamomum cayennense Lukman.
* Cinnamomum cinnamomum (L.) H.Karst. nom. inval.
* Cinnamomum commersonii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum cordifolium Lukman.
* Cinnamomum decandollei Lukman.
* Cinnamomum delessertii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum ellipticum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum erectum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum humboldtii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum iners Wight nom. illeg.
* Cinnamomum karrouwa Lukman.
* Cinnamomum leptopus A.C.Sm.
* Cinnamomum leschenaultii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum madrassicum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum maheanum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum mauritianum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum meissneri Lukman.
* Cinnamomum ovatum Lukman.
* Cinnamomum pallasii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum pleei Lukman.
* Cinnamomum pourretii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum regelii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum roxburghii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum sieberi Lukman.
* Cinnamomum sonneratii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum vaillantii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum variabile Lukman.
* Cinnamomum wolkensteinii Lukman.
* Cinnamomum verum J.Presl
* Cinnamomum zollingeri Lukman.
* Laurus cinnamomum L.

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Twak

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Swadi, Tanutwaka, Darusita<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Karpuradi Varga, verse no. 66, p.216.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) ||Madhura(sweet), Katu(pungent), Tikta(bitter)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Ushna(hot)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) ||Katu(pungent)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])||Laghu(light), Ruksha(dry),Tikshna(sharp)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) ||Kaphavatahara,visaghna,kanthasuddhikara
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/23 ||Vamanartha (for emesis)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/25 || Preparations of Trivrit Avaleha
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/32 || Preparations of Trivrit Avaleha
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/34 || Preparations of Trivrit Avaleha
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/46 || Vyoshadi Modaka
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75 || Virechana Prayoga (for therapeutic purgation)
|-
|}

==Dose==
* Churna - 1-3 gm <ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:71.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:71.</ref><ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:71.</ref>
* Sitopaladi churna
* Chaturjata churna

== Current availability==

Available
* In India –
Kerala, Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West bengal, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, Madagascar, Tanzania, Brazil, Colombia, Australia

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Trivrut

2025-08-18T08:30:49Z

Dridhabala:

Operculina turpethum (L.) S. MANSO

{{Infobox
|title = Trivrut
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Trivrut
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Operculinaturpethum (L.) S. MANSO
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Convolvulaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Indian Jalap, Turpeth, St.Thomas lidpod

==Therapeutic uses==
Malabandha (constipation), gulma, udararoga (Generalized enlargement of Abdomen), jwara(fever), pandu(anemia), pleeha, vrana(wound), krumi(worm), kustha(skin disease), kandu(itching)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:96.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
Merremia turpethum (L.) Shah & Bhatt.

==Bhavprakasa nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, p.384.</ref>
# Sweta trivrut
# Syama trivrut

==Raja nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi, Raj Nighantu of Pandit Narahari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas academy, Varanasi; Pippalyadi Varga, Verse no. 168-169, p.169.</ref>
# Trivrut
# Rakta trivrut

==Dhanwantari Nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Acharya Priyavat Sharma, Dhanwantari Nighantu, ed.2008, Chaukhambha Orientalia; Varanasi; Guduchyadi Varga, Verse no. 236-237, p.59.</ref>
# Shyama Trivrut
# Shukla Bhandi
==Kaiyadeva Nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Prof. Priyavat Sharma, Kaiyadeva Nighantu, Reprint. 2009, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Oshadhi Varga – 298, verse no. 1015 - 1019, p. 187-188.</ref>
# Trivrut
# Shyama

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Trivrut, Tribhandi (trivrut has got triangular stem), Shyama, Kutarana, Sarvanubhuti (useful in many disorder), Suvaha, Shyama, Triputa(stem of trivrut is triangular), Sarala(safe purgative), Nishoth

==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Shveta Trivrut – Tribhandi, Trivruta, Triputa, Sarvanubhuti, Sarala, Nishotri, Rechani
Shyama Trivrut – Shyama, Trivrut, Ardha chandra, Palindi, Sushenika, Masuravidala, Kali, Kaishika, Kalameshika<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, p.383, 385.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Bitter (tikta), Pungent (katu)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[Guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha), Sharp (Tikshana)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Pitta
|-
| 6 || Extra ordinary effect ([[prabhava]]) || Helps in purgation (virechana)
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/77, || Mulini (Virechana) (Therapeutic purgation)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/9
|Churna pradeha(external application)
|-
|'''3'''
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
|Used for Lepa as a external application along with other herbs mixed with mustard oil in diseases of skin
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(25)
|Asthapanopag (helping corrective enema) mahakashaya
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 15/17
|Dravya for Virechana(purgation)
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/18
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa(treatment of worms)
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani(drug for emesis)
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/6
|Shodhanartha(for purification)
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/3-4
|Shodhanartha(for purification)
|-
| 10 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/04 || Trivritta Synonyms
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 8/11
|Aragvadha Yoga
|-
| 12 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 8/12|| Aragvadha Avaleha
|-
| 13 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 10/14 || Panaka Yoga
|-
| 14 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]]] 10/15 || Nasya Yoga
|-
| 15 ||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/209 || Used in Pitta-Kaphaja jwara(fever) with sarkara.
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/231
|Used for virechana karma with madhu-sarpi
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/299
|Used in Vishama jwara(fever)
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/57
|As a Virechana dravya(drug for purgation)
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/44
|As Virechan dravya(drug for purgation)
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/56
|For Scrapping
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/69
|Ingredient in Triphaladi Churna
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/85
|Bahyaprayogarth lepa in mandal Kushth (skin disease)
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/124
|Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/153
|Ingredient in Mahakhadir Ghrita
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/20
|Ingredient in Mahapanchagavya Ghrita
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/44
|As a Nasya dravya
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/21
|In treatment of Kaphaj Svayathu(swelling)
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/24
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu(swelling)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/25
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu(swelling)
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/69
|Indicated in treatment of pittodara (for virechana)
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/138
|In treatment of udararoga for virechana (Hapushadya churna)
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/120
|As an ingredient of Patoladi churna
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/126
|As an ingredient of narayan churna
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/134
|As an ingredient of hapushdya churna
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/155
|Taila prayoga is Vedanahara in vatodara
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/164
|In formulation of ksharvatika
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/167
|In condition of vibandha(constipation) in udararoga (Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/181
|In sannipatodara (after vishaprayoga)
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/54
|Used as lepa on arsha(hemorrhoids)
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/55
|Used as lepa
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/66
|Use trivrut churna with triphala kwatha
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/122
|Shaka prayoga in arsha(hemorrhoids)
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/231
|Used in treatment of Tikshnagni
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/57
|Used in Snehottar Virechana Yoga
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/59
|Used in Kaphaja Pandu Roga
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/66
|Used in Swarnakshiradi yoga
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/93
|As an ingredient of Punarnava Mandura
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/135
|Used in Chikitsa of Halimak
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/85
|As a virechan dravya in pittaja kasa
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/121
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/151
|As a mrudu sodhana dravya
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/26
|For Anulomana in Pittaja chhardi(vomitting)
|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/64
|For virechana, give along with ghrita/ paya/ ushnodaka
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/66
|For subsiding visarpa and jvara, give ghrita and trivruta churna along with triphala kwatha for virechana
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/67
|In guru koshthi patient, give along with Amalaki rasa for virechana
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/203
|As an ingredient of Karnika nashaka yoga
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/241
|As an ingredient of Nagadantyadi ghrita
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/85
|Used as vranashodhaka lepa.
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/12
|Used to make Udavarta varti.
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/14
|Used in udavarta for pradhamana
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/98
|As an ingredient of Udumbaravleha
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/110
|Used in the treatment of Udavarta, Vatala, Mahayoni & Strasta
|-
|63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/254
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha(vitiated breast milk)
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 1-3 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:96</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:96</ref>
* Hrudyavirechana leha
* Ashwagandharishta
* Avipatikara churna
* Manibhadra guda

== Current availability==

Available

* India-

Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West bengal, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra

* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Australia, Oceania, Brazil, Maxico, Saudi arabia, Oman

== Current researches ==

https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Operculina%20turpethum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development

Talk:Surasa

2025-08-18T08:26:57Z

Dridhabala:

Ocimum sanctum L.
{{Infobox
|title = Surasa
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Surasa
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Ocimum sanctum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Lamiaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
--
==Therapeutic uses==
Aruchi,Swasa(dyspnea), kasa(cough), krumiroga(worm), kustha(skin disease), pratishyaya(rhinitis), parshwashoola(flank pain)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Surasa, Tulsi, Kutherak, Phaninjhak, Arjaka(Tulsi bheda)

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Gramya(Common plant grown in all villages), Sulabha(can be seen every where), bahumanjari(tulasi has got many spikes), Apetaraxasi(tulasi brings back normalcy by alleviating many disease), gauri , bhutagni, devadundubhi(the spikes of tulasi resemble a trumpet)<ref> Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, pushpa varga, verse no.-62</ref>

==Varieties==
===Bhavaprakasa nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, pushpa varga, verse no.-63</ref>
# Sweta tulasi
# Krishna tulasi

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Vata
|-
|6
|Extra ordinary effect (prabhava)
|Destroys microbes/germs (krimighna)
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/4
|Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(37)
|Shwasahara mahakashaya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 2/4
|Nidana of Raktapitta
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/21
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/70
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/112
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/101
|Ingredient in Avaleha
|}

==Dose==
* 2-3 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>
==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>
* Manasamitra vataka
* Tribhuvana kirti
* Mukta Panchamruta rasa
* Mahajwarankusa rasa

==Current availability ==
Available
India- All over india
==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Surasa

2025-08-18T08:26:16Z

Dridhabala:

Ocimum sanctum L.
{{Infobox
|title = Surasa
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Surasa
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Ocimum sanctum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Lamiaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
--
==Therapeutic uses==
Aruchi,Swasa(dyspnea), kasa(cough), krumiroga(worm), kustha(skin disease), pratishyaya(rhinitis), parshwashoola(flank pain)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Surasa, Tulsi, Kutherak, Phaninjhak, Arjaka(Tulsi bheda)

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu<==
Gramya(Common plant grown in all villages), Sulabha(can be seen every where), bahumanjari(tulasi has got many spikes), Apetaraxasi(tulasi brings back normalcy by alleviating many disease), gauri , bhutagni, devadundubhi(the spikes of tulasi resemble a trumpet)ref> Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, pushpa varga, verse no.-62</ref>

==Varieties==
===Bhavaprakasa nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, pushpa varga, verse no.-63</ref>
# Sweta tulasi
# Krishna tulasi

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Vata
|-
|6
|Extra ordinary effect (prabhava)
|Destroys microbes/germs (krimighna)
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/4
|Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(37)
|Shwasahara mahakashaya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 2/4
|Nidana of Raktapitta
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/21
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/70
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/112
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/101
|Ingredient in Avaleha
|}

==Dose==
* 2-3 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>
==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>
* Manasamitra vataka
* Tribhuvana kirti
* Mukta Panchamruta rasa
* Mahajwarankusa rasa

==Current availability ==
Available
India- All over india
==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Shigru

2025-08-18T08:15:55Z

Dridhabala:

Moringa oleifera LAM.

{{Infobox
|title = Shigru
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Shigru
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Moringa oleifera LAM.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Moringaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Horse radish tree, Drumstick plant

==Therapeutic Uses==
Swelling (sopha), Gulma, Worms (krimiroga), Medoroga, Diseases of spleen (pliharoga), Abscess (vidradhi), Goitre (galaganda)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:69.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
* Guilandina moringa L.
* Hyperanthera moringa (L.) Vahl
* Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn. nom. illeg.

==Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Mentioned 3 types <ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, p.324.</ref>
# Shweta Shigru
# Shyama Shigru
# Rakta Shigru

==Raja Nighantu==
Mentioned 4 types <ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi, Raj Nighantu of Pandit Narahari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas academy, Varanasi; Mulakadi Varga, Verse no. 26-33, p.193-194.</ref>
# Shigru
# Nila Shigru
# Shweta Shigru
# Rakta Shigru

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Shigru, Shobhanjana, Krishnagandha, Mochaka, Tikshnagandha, Madhushigru,

==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Shobhanjana, Shigru, Tikshnagandhaka, Akshiva, Maricha<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, p.324.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha), Sharp (tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[vata]]
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/116 || Shodhana (Twak) vriksha (Parisarpa, Sotha, Arsha, Dadru, Vidradhi, Galaganda, Kustha, Alaji)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/3 || Shirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/23 || Krimighniyavagu(gruel for worm infestation)
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/4 || Churnapradeha(external application)
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(22) || Svedopagmahakashaya(helping dia-phoresis/sudation)
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(27) || Shirovirechanopagmahakashaya ( helping nasal errhine therapy)
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 13/10
|Sthavara Sneha Yoni (Vegetable origin of lipids)
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 14/31
|Dravya for Nadi Sweda(fomentation)
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 14/32
|Dravya for Nadi Sweda(fomentation)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/19
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(management of diease due to over nutrition)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/170
|Harita Varga
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84
|Viruddha ahara(unwholesome diet)
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 2/4
|Nidana of raktapitta(cause for bleeding disorder)
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa(treatment of worms)
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa(treatment of worms)
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani()
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/142
|Katuskandha(group of pungent drugs)
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/142
|Katuskandha(group of pungent drugs)
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/106
|Ingredient in Sweta-karavirapallavadhya Taila
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/109
|Ingredient in Tiktekshvadi Taila for Abhyang in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/124
|Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/79
|Ingredient in Shira-Pashva –Ansha Shula nashak lepa
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/129
|Ingredient in Atisara nashak Khad-yush
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/33
|Ingredient in oil preparation Bahyaprayogartha(external application)
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/67
|As a Snan dravya for Bahyaprayogarth(external application)
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/70
|Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Kaphaja Shvayathu(oedema)
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/72
|As an Unmardan dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu(oedema)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/45
|Used in swedana kriya(fomentation)
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/98
|Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/183
|Used in netragata visha, as a anjana prayoga
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/66
|Used in Ashmari
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/67
|Used in Ashmari
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/186
|Used in Kaphaja Siroroga(disease of head) for Avapeeda nasya
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/226
|As an ingredient of Kshara taila
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/237
|Used for aaschotana in Vataja netraroga
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/240
|As an ingredient of Bruhatyadi varti
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/245
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi varti
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/52
|As an ingredient of Tarkaryadi Parisechana
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/54
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi Pralepa
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/56
|As an ingredient of Shyonakdi Parisheka and Pralepa
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/130
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi maha sneha
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/168
|As an ingredient of Mulakadhya taila
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/176
|As an ingredient of Mulaka taila
|}

==Dose==
* Swarasa – 10 – 20 ml<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:69.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:69.</ref>
* Ratnagiri Rasa
* Vishatinduka Taila
* Ekangavira Rasa

== Current availability==

Available
* In India –
Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, Odisha, West bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh
* Out of India –
Sri lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Phillipines, Africa (Kenya, Nigeria, Ethiopia), South america (Brazil, Peru, Venezuela), Southern parts of united states, Saudi arabia

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Shatavari

2025-08-18T08:11:45Z

Dridhabala:

Asparagus racemosus Willd.
{{Infobox
|title =Shatavari
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Shatavari
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Asparagus racemosus Willd.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Liliaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Wild Asparagus

==Therapeutic Uses==
Acid Peptic Disorders (Amlapitta), Haemorrhoids (Arsha), Diarrhoea (Atisara), Abdominal lump (Gulma), Kshaya, Bleeding diarrhoea (Raktisara), Intrinsic haemorrhage (Raktapitta), Raktavikara, Gout (Vatarakta), Herpes zoster (Visarpa), Parinama Shoola, Mutrarakta, Vatajvara, Hoarseness of voice (Svarabheda), Night blindness (Naktandhya), Sutika Roga, Stanya Dosha, Stanya Kshaya<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume IV:50.</ref>

==Other varieties / other botanical names==
* Asparagus rigidulus Nakai
* Protasparagus racemosus (Willd.) Oberm.

==Types==
===Bhavaprakasha Nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, p.379.</ref>
# Shatavari – Asparagus racemosus Willd.
# Mahashatavari – Asparagus sarmentosus Linn.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Shatavari, Atirasa, Shatavirya, Bahusuta, Vari, Vira, Bhiru, Narayani

==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Shatavari, Bahusuta, Bhiru, Indivari, Vari, Narayani, Shatapadi, Shatavirya, Pivari
Mahashatavari – Shatamuli, Urdhvakantika, Sahasravirya, Hetu, Rushyaprokta, Mahodari<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, p.379.</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Sweet (madhura), Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Sweet (madhura)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Heavy (guru), Unctuous (snigdha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Vata and Pitta
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(7)
|Balya(tonic) mahakashaya
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/65
|Anutaila dravya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/107
|Shaka Varga(group of vegetables)
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani(emesis dravya)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/139
|Madhur skanda(group of sweet drugs)
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/20
|Garbhasthapan dravya
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/58
|Stanyadushti(disease of vitiated breast milk ) chikitsa- Dhatrikarma
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/44
|In formulation of brahma rasayana
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/25
|Ingredient in Bruhaniya Gutika
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/28
|Ingredient in Bruhaniya Gutika
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/34
|Ingredient in Vajikaran Ghrita
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/2/6
|Ingredient in Apatyakari Shashtikadi Gutika
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/2/14
|Ingredient in Apatyakar Swaras
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/2/18
|Ingredient in Vrushya Kshira
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/3/18
|Ingredient of Vrushya shatavari Ghrita
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/28
|Ingredient in Apatyakar Ghrita
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/250
|As an ingredient of Jeevantyadi anuvasana basti
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadhya taila
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/123
|Ingredient in Drakshadya Ghrit for Pittaj Gulma
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/145
|Ingredient in Mahatikta Ghrita
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/79
|Ingredient in Shira-Pashva –Ansha Shula nashak lepa
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/105
|Ghrit preparation in treatment of Daha(burning)
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/35
|Ingredient in Palankashadi tail
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/64
|Ingredient in Atattvabhinivesh nashak yog
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/36
|Ingredient in Amrutprash Ghrita
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/46
|Ingredient in Shvadamshtradi Ghrita
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/66
|Ingredient in Chaturtha Sarpigud
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/40
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/43
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/50
|As a yavagu(gruel) dravya
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/78
|Use with paya(milk) as a ahara(food) or ghrita
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/97
|As an ingredient of satavari ghrita
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/62
|As a anuvasana dravya
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/78
|As an ingredient of yavaka pradeha(external application)
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/79
|As an ingredient of Baladi alepa
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/90
|For pradeha prayoga in kaphaja visarpa(herpes)
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/91
|For pradeha prayoga in kaphaja visarpa(herpes)
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/84
|For pradeha prayoga in Vata-pittaja visarpa(herpes)
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/47
|As an ingredient of Vijayadi pralepa
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/75
|Used in shoola with sneha & sarkara
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/110
|Use for nadi sveda(fomentation)
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/160
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/52
|Used as Shaka dravya
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/56
|As an ingredient of Baladi Ghrita
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/58
|As an ingredient of Parushaka Ghrita
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/61
|As an ingredient of Jeevaniya Ghrita
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/72
|As an ingredient of Jeevakadi mahasneha
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/76, 77
|As an ingredient of Sthiradi Ghrita/Taila
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/81
|As an ingredient of Baladi yoga
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/92
|As an ingredient of Madhuparnyadi taila
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/53
|As an ingredient of Kashmaryadi ghrita, used in the treatment of Vataja yoni
|}

==Dose==
* Churna – 3 – 6 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume IV:50.</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume IV:50.</ref>
* Brahma Rasayana
* Puga Khanda
* Narasimha Churna
* Mahanarayana Taila
* Shatavari Guda
* Saubhagya Shunthi
* Bruhat Chhagaladi Ghrita
* Shatavari Ghrita
* Shatavari Kalpa
* Ashvagandharishta

==Current availability ==
Available

* In India –
Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Jharkhand, Tamil nadu, Andhra Pradesh
* Out of India –
Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia

==Current researches ==

https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Asparagus%20racemosus

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Shankhapushpi

2025-08-18T08:08:58Z

Dridhabala:

Evolvulus alsinoides L.
{{Infobox
|title = Shankhapushpi
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Shankhapushpi
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Evolvulus alsinoides L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Convolvulaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Speed Wheel

==Therapeutic Uses==
Psychological disorders (Manasroga), Epilepsy (Apasmara)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:66.</ref>

==Other Varieties/ Other botanical names==
* Convolvulus austroaegyptiacus Abdallah & Sa'ad
* Convolvulus cancerianus Abdallah & Sa'ad
* Convolvulus deserti Hochst. & Steud. ex Baker & Rendle
* Convolvulus evolvuloides Boiss.
* Convolvulus heterotrichus Maire
* Convolvulus microphyllus Sieber ex Spreng.
* Convolvulus parvifolius Spreng.
* Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy
* Convolvulus scindicus Boiss.
* Evolvulus pilosus Roxb.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Shankhapushpi, Keshi

==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Shankhpushpi, Shankhahva, Mangalyakusuma<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Guduchyadi Varga, verse no. 269, p.439.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Astringent (kashaya), Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Sweet (madhura)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Unctuous (snigdha), Slimy (pichchila), Heavy (guru)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Vata and Pitta
|-
|6
|Extra ordinary effect (prabhava)
|Brain tonic (medhya)
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/58
|In formulation of dwitiya brahma rasayana
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/3/30
|Ekala rasayan dravya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/45
|Ingredient in Mahapaishachik Ghrita
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/25
|Ingredient in Brahmi Ghrita
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/62
|In treatment of Atattvabhinivesh
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/62
|As an ingredient of Jeevaniya Ghrita
|}

==Dose==
* Churna – 3 – 8 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:66.</ref>

==Important Formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:66.</ref>
* Brahmi Ghtita
* Agastya Haritaki
* Brahma Rasayana
* Manasamitra Vataka
* Gorochanadi Vati
* Brahmi Vati

==Current availability ==
Available
* In India –
Rajastha, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, Odisha
* Out of India –
Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh

==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Shalmali

2025-08-18T08:05:39Z

Dridhabala:

Bambox malabarica D.C.
{{Infobox
|title = Shalmali
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Shalmali
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Bambox malabarica D.C.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Bombacaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Silk cotton tree

==Therapeutic Uses==
Intrinsic haemorrhage (Raktapitta), Wound (Vrana), Burning sensation (Daha), Acne & Pimples (Youvanapidaka)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:81.</ref>

==Other Varieties / Othe botanical names==
* Bombax aculeatum L.
* Bombax ceiba Burm.f.
* Bombax heptaphyllum Cav.
* Bombax thorelii Gagnep.
* Bombax tussacii Urb.
* Gossampinus malabarica Merr.
* Gossampinus rubra Buch.-Ham.
* Gossampinus thorelii Bakh.
* Melaleuca grandiflora Blanco
* Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott & Endl.

==Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, ch. 29,30, p.525, 527.</ref>
# Shalmali – Bombax malabaricum DC.
# Kuta Shalmali – Ceiba pentadra Gaertn.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Shalmali, Mocha, Pichhila, Sthirayu, Shalmaliniryasa (Mocha rasa), Shalmaliveshtaka, Pichha,
Kantakadhya.

==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Shalmali, Mocha, Pichhila, Purani, Raktapushpa, Sthirayu, Kantakadhya, Tulini<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, verse no. 54-55, p.525.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Astringent (kashaya)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Sweet (madhura)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Vata and Pitta
|}
==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(32)
|Purishvirajaniya mahakashaya
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(46)
|Shonitasthapana mahakashaya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(47)
|Vedanasthapana mahakashaya
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/99
|Shaka Varga
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/104
|Shaka Varga
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/144
|Kashaya-skandha
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadi taila
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/39
|As pathya ahara.
|-
|10||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Cha.Sa.Chi.4/70
|
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/76
|As an dingredient of kiratatiktadi churna
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/86
|Used in gudagata raktapitta
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/99
|Used in Nasagata raktapitta for Avapida nasya
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/189
|Used in kutajadi rasakriya
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/193
|Used in raktarsha
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/202
|Dadhisara yoga is used in rakta arsha
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/225
|As an ingredient of pichcha basti
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/236
|As an ingredient of sunishanak changeri ghrita
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/113
|Used as ingredient of yavagu
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/53
|As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/75
|As an ingredient in nilotpaladi yoga
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/110
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/64
|As a piccha basti dravya
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/63
|Used for avpeedana
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/29
|As an ingredient of Urustambh nashak Yoga
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/75
|As an ingredient of Udumbaradi taila
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/91
|As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/122
|Used in the treatment of Pichhila yoni
|}

==Dose==
* Churna – 5 – 10 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:81.</ref>

==Important formulations==
* Ayaskriti<ref>Dr. Bramhanand Tripathi, Ashtanga Hridayam, Chikitsa Sthana, Reprint.2014, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthana, chapter no.-12, verse no.-18-30, p.718.</ref>
* Pushyanuga Churna<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Bhaishjya Ratnavali, ed.2022, Chaukhambha Prakasan, Pradara Roga Chikitsa prakaranam, verse no.-25-31, p.1032. </ref>
* Shalmali Ghrita<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Bhaishjya Ratnavali, ed.2022, Chaukhambha Prakasan, Prameha Chikitsa prakaranam, verse no.-192-194, p.737</ref>
* Kumbhikadi Taila<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Sushruta Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana, Reprint.2015 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, chapter no. 17, verse no.-27-28, p.101.</ref>
* Kutajadi Rasakriya<ref>Acharya Vidhyadhar Shukla, Prof. Ravidatta Tripathi, Charaka Samhita Vol. 2, Reprint. 2006 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, Chikitsa sthana, chapter no.-14, verse no.-188-192, p.343.</ref>
* Sunishannaka Changeri Ghrita<ref>Acharya Vidhyadhar Shukla, Prof. Ravidatta Tripathi, Charaka Samhita Vol. 2, Reprint. 2006 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, Chikitsa sthana, chapter no.-14, verse no.-235-242, p.349.</ref>

==Current availability ==
Available
* In India –
Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, West bengal, Odisha, Assam
* Out of India –
Mynmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia, China, Sri lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Australia, Africa

==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Shalmali

2025-08-18T08:04:54Z

Dridhabala:

Bambox malabarica D.C.
{{Infobox
|title = Shalmali
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Shalmali
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Bambox malabarica D.C.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Bombacaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Silk cotton tree

==Therapeutic Uses==
Intrinsic haemorrhage (Raktapitta), Wound (Vrana), Burning sensation (Daha), Acne & Pimples (Youvanapidaka)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:81.</ref>

==Other Varieties / Othe botanical names==
* Bombax aculeatum L.
* Bombax ceiba Burm.f.
* Bombax heptaphyllum Cav.
* Bombax thorelii Gagnep.
* Bombax tussacii Urb.
* Gossampinus malabarica Merr.
* Gossampinus rubra Buch.-Ham.
* Gossampinus thorelii Bakh.
* Melaleuca grandiflora Blanco
* Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott & Endl.

==Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, ch. 29,30, p.525, 527.</ref>
# Shalmali – Bombax malabaricum DC.
# Kuta Shalmali – Ceiba pentadra Gaertn.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Shalmali, Mocha, Pichhila, Sthirayu, Shalmaliniryasa (Mocha rasa), Shalmaliveshtaka, Pichha,
Kantakadhya.

==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Shalmali, Mocha, Pichhila, Purani, Raktapushpa, Sthirayu, Kantakadhya, Tulini<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, verse no. 54-55, p.525.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Astringent (kashaya)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Sweet (madhura)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Vata and Pitta
|}
==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(32)
|Purishvirajaniya mahakashaya
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(46)
|Shonitasthapana mahakashaya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(47)
|Vedanasthapana mahakashaya
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/99
|Shaka Varga
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/104
|Shaka Varga
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/144
|Kashaya-skandha
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadi taila
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/39
|As pathya ahara.
|-
|10||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Cha.Sa.Chi.4/70
|
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/76
|As an dingredient of kiratatiktadi churna
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/86
|Used in gudagata raktapitta
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/99
|Used in Nasagata raktapitta for Avapida nasya
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/189
|Used in kutajadi rasakriya
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/193
|Used in raktarsha
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/202
|Dadhisara yoga is used in rakta arsha
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/225
|As an ingredient of pichcha basti
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/236
|As an ingredient of sunishanak changeri ghrita
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/113
|Used as ingredient of yavagu
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/53,
|As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/75
|As an ingredient in nilotpaladi yoga
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/110
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/64
|As a piccha basti dravya
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/63
|Used for avpeedana
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/29
|As an ingredient of Urustambh nashak Yoga
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/75
|As an ingredient of Udumbaradi taila
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/91
|As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/122
|Used in the treatment of Pichhila yoni
|}

==Dose==
* Churna – 5 – 10 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:81.</ref>

==Important formulations==
* Ayaskriti<ref>Dr. Bramhanand Tripathi, Ashtanga Hridayam, Chikitsa Sthana, Reprint.2014, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthana, chapter no.-12, verse no.-18-30, p.718.</ref>
* Pushyanuga Churna<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Bhaishjya Ratnavali, ed.2022, Chaukhambha Prakasan, Pradara Roga Chikitsa prakaranam, verse no.-25-31, p.1032. </ref>
* Shalmali Ghrita<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Bhaishjya Ratnavali, ed.2022, Chaukhambha Prakasan, Prameha Chikitsa prakaranam, verse no.-192-194, p.737</ref>
* Kumbhikadi Taila<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Sushruta Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana, Reprint.2015 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, chapter no. 17, verse no.-27-28, p.101.</ref>
* Kutajadi Rasakriya<ref>Acharya Vidhyadhar Shukla, Prof. Ravidatta Tripathi, Charaka Samhita Vol. 2, Reprint. 2006 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, Chikitsa sthana, chapter no.-14, verse no.-188-192, p.343.</ref>
* Sunishannaka Changeri Ghrita<ref>Acharya Vidhyadhar Shukla, Prof. Ravidatta Tripathi, Charaka Samhita Vol. 2, Reprint. 2006 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, Chikitsa sthana, chapter no.-14, verse no.-235-242, p.349.</ref>

==Current availability ==
Available
* In India –
Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, West bengal, Odisha, Assam
* Out of India –
Mynmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia, China, Sri lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Australia, Africa

==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Shalmali

2025-08-18T04:29:02Z

Dridhabala:

Bambox malabarica D.C.
{{Infobox
|title = Shalmali
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Shalmali
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Bambox malabarica D.C.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Bombacaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Silk cotton tree

==Therapeutic Uses==
Intrinsic haemorrhage (Raktapitta), Wound (Vrana), Burning sensation (Daha), Acne & Pimples (Youvanapidaka)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:81.</ref>

==Other Varieties / Othe botanical names==
* Bombax aculeatum L.
* Bombax ceiba Burm.f.
* Bombax heptaphyllum Cav.
* Bombax thorelii Gagnep.
* Bombax tussacii Urb.
* Gossampinus malabarica Merr.
* Gossampinus rubra Buch.-Ham.
* Gossampinus thorelii Bakh.
* Melaleuca grandiflora Blanco
* Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott & Endl.

==Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, ch. 29,30, p.525, 527.</ref>
# Shalmali – Bombax malabaricum DC.
# Kuta Shalmali – Ceiba pentadra Gaertn.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Shalmali, Mocha, Pichhila, Sthirayu, Shalmaliniryasa (Mocha rasa), Shalmaliveshtaka, Pichha,
Kantakadhya.

==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
Shalmali, Mocha, Pichhila, Purani, Raktapushpa, Sthirayu, Kantakadhya, Tulini<ref>Prof. K.C.Chunekar, Bhavprakasha Nighantu, Reprint.2015, Chaukhambha vishvabharti, Vatadi Varga, verse no. 54-55, p.525.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Astringent (kashaya)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Sweet (madhura)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Vata and Pitta
|}
==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(32)
|Purishvirajaniya mahakashaya
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(46)
|Shonitasthapana mahakashaya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(47)
|Vedanasthapana mahakashaya
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/99
|Shaka Varga
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/104
|Shaka Varga
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/144
|Kashaya-skandha
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadi taila
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/39
|As pathya ahara.
|-
|10||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Cha.Sa.Chi.4/70
|
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/76
|As an dingredient of kiratatiktadi churna.
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/86
|Used in gudagata raktapitta.
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/99
|Used in Nasagata raktapitta for Avapida nasya.
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/189
|Used in kutajadi rasakriya
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/193
|Used in raktarsha
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/202
|Dadhisara yoga is used in rakta arsha
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/225
|As an ingredient of pichcha basti
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/236
|As an ingredient of sunishanak changeri ghrit
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/113
|Used as ingredient of yavagu
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/53,
|As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara.
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/75,
|As an ingredient in nilotpaladi yoga.
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/110
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/64
|As a piccha basti dravya
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/63
|Used for avpeedana.
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/29
|As an ingredient of Urustambh nashak Yoga
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/75
|As an ingredient of Udumbaradi taila.
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/91
|As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna.
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/122
|Used in the treatment of Pichhila yoni.
|}

==Dose<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume III:81.</ref>==
* Churna – 5 – 10 gm

==Important formulations==
* Ayaskriti<ref>Dr. Bramhanand Tripathi, Ashtanga Hridayam, Chikitsa Sthana, Reprint.2014, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthana, chapter no.-12, verse no.-18-30, p.718.</ref>
* Pushyanuga Churna<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Bhaishjya Ratnavali, ed.2022, Chaukhambha Prakasan, Pradara Roga Chikitsa prakaranam, verse no.-25-31, p.1032. </ref>
* Shalmali Ghrita<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Bhaishjya Ratnavali, ed.2022, Chaukhambha Prakasan, Prameha Chikitsa prakaranam, verse no.-192-194, p.737</ref>
* Kumbhikadi Taila<ref>Kaviraj Ambikadatashastri, Sushruta Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana, Reprint.2015 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, chapter no. 17, verse no.-27-28, p.101.</ref>
* Kutajadi Rasakriya<ref>Acharya Vidhyadhar Shukla, Prof. Ravidatta Tripathi, Charaka Samhita Vol. 2, Reprint. 2006 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, Chikitsa sthana, chapter no.-14, verse no.-188-192, p.343.</ref>
* Sunishannaka Changeri Ghrita<ref>Acharya Vidhyadhar Shukla, Prof. Ravidatta Tripathi, Charaka Samhita Vol. 2, Reprint. 2006 Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, Chikitsa sthana, chapter no.-14, verse no.-235-242, p.349.</ref>

==Current availability ==
Available
* In India –
Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, West bengal, Odisha, Assam
* Out of India –
Mynmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia, China, Sri lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Australia, Africa

==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Shallaki

2025-08-18T04:27:15Z

Dridhabala:

Boswellia serrata Roxb

{{Infobox
|title = Shallaki
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Shallaki
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Boswellia serrata Roxb
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Burseraceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|labe55 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}
<gallery>
Example.jpg|Caption1
Example.jpg|Caption2
</gallery>
==English name ==

Indian olibanum

==Therapeutic uses==
Jwara(fever), Pradara(discharge), Swasa(Dyspnea), Pittabhishyanda, Sarkarameha, Vrushna shoola(pain in scrotum)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4:24</ref>

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Shallaki, Gajabhakshya, Suvaha, Surabhi, Rasa, Maheruna, Kunduru,

==Synonyms in bhavprakash nighantu==
Vallaki, bahushrava(release profuse quantity of exudates)<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Vatadi Varga, Verse no. 22, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Astringent (kashaya), Bitter (tikta), Sweet (madhura)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[Guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Pitta
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(32)
| Purishvirajaniya mahakashaya(faecal depigmentors)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/23
| Dhuma varti dravya(therapeutic inhalation for prevention of disease)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/144
| Kashaya-skandha (group of astringent drugs)
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/8
|Deshavichara
|-
|5
|Cha.sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|6
|Cha.sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|7
|Cha.sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/161
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|8
|Cha.sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/108
|Used in the treatment of Vipluta
|}

==Dose==
* 1-3 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4:24</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4:24</ref>
* Karpuradyarka
* Jirakadi modak
* Bala taila
* Bala guduchyadi taila

== Current availability==

Available
India: Maharashtra, madhyapradesh, rajasthan, south india
== Current researches ==

https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Boswellia%20serrata

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development

Talk:Sariva

2025-08-17T16:20:45Z

Dridhabala:

Hemidesmus indicus (L.) SCHULT.

{{Infobox
|title = Sariva
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Sariva
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Hemidesmus indicus (L.) SCHULT.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Apocynaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Indian sarsaparilla

==Therapeutic uses==
Agnimandhya, Aruchi, Swasa, Kasa, Jwara,Atisara,Kandu,Kustha, Raktavikara<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:68</ref>
==Other varieties==

* Periploca indica

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Sariva, Ananta, Gopakanya, Sphota, Shyama, Krushodari, Asphota, Phanijihvaka, Anantamoola, Gopavalli

==Synonyms in Bhavprakash samhita==
Gopi(it protect the person who use it), gopavadhu,lata<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Guducyadi Varga, Verse no. 237, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Sweet (madhura), Bitter (tikta)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Heavy (guru), Unctuous (snigdha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[vata]], [[pitta]] and [[kapha]]
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/24 || Pipasaghniyavagu (Gruels for excess thirst and toxicity)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(9) || Kanthya mahakashay(beneficial for throat & voice)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(18) || Stanyashodhana mahakashay(galacto-purifiers)
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(31) || Purishsangrahaniya mahakashay(faecal astringents)
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(39) || Jwarahara mahakashaya(relieving fever)
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(41) || Dahaprashamana mahakashaya(pacifying burning sensation)
|-
| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/64 || Anutailadravya
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40
|Agrya Sangraha(collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/139
|Madhurskanda(group of sweet drugs)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/29
|Garbha Vyadhi chikitsa(Use in treatment of constipation during third trimester , here sariva is mentioned with the name of ananta)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/56
|Kshira vishodhan dravya
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/201
|Used as kwatha in Satat jwara
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/219
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi Ghrita
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadhya taila
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/76
|As an ingredient of kiratatiktadi churna
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/81
|As an ingredient of Priyangvadi peya
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/128
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth, Pana, Snan, Lepa
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/145
|Ingredient in Mahatikta Ghrita
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/109
|Ingredient in Duralabhadi Ghrita
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/35
|Ingredient in Kalyanak Ghrita
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/42
|Ingredient in Mahakalyanak Ghrita
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/35
|Ingredient in Kalyanak Ghrita
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/160
|As an ingredient of kanakarist
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/106
|Agnivruddhiartha and for alleviating kostha gaya kayu in grahaniroga
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/125
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/110
|Use in treatment of hikka swasha (Here Sariva is mentioned with name of asphota)
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/177
|As an ingredient of jivantyadi leha
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/50
|As a pana dravya
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/54
|For kashaya pana(decoction)
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/76
|As an ingredient of Sarivadi pralepa
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/88
|For pradeha prayoga in kaphaja visarpa
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/102
|As an ingredient of ksharagada
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/201
|Used in the treatment of Luta visha(treatment of spider poison)
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/202
|As an ingredient of Madhukadi yoga
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/243
|As an ingredient of Amruta ghrita
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/153
|As an ingredient of Bhargyadi taila
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/185
|Used in Kaphaja Siroroga for Pradhamana nasya
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/264
|As an ingredient of Sahacharadi taila
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/269
|As an ingredient of Mahaneela taila
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/168
|As an ingredient of Mahamayur Ghrita
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/179
|As an ingredient of Yashtyadi Ghrita
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/234
|Used in Pittaja netraroga(eye disease)
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/243
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi varti
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/125
|As an ingredient of Dashamuladi majja sneha
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/158
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/76
|As an ingredient of Sthiradi Ghrita/Taila
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/94
|As an ingredient of Madhuparnyadi taila
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/123
|As an ingredient of Pinda taila
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/146
|Used in Kaphaja Vatarakta
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/92
|As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/263
|Used in the treatment of Stanya Vairasya
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/275
|Used in the treatment of Dorgandhya Stanya dosha, As an ingredient of Sarivadi lepa
|}

==Dose==

* 20-30 g of the drug for decoction<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:68</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume I:68</ref>
* Sarivadhyasava

== Current availability==

Available
* India- karnataka, kerala, bihar ,west bengal, maharashtra

== Current researches ==

https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Hemidesmus%20indicus

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Rasna

2025-08-17T15:52:42Z

Dridhabala:

Pluchea lanceolata Oliv.
{{Infobox
|title = Rasna
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Rasna
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Pluchea lanceolata Oliv.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = composite
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
--

==Therapeutic uses== - Sotha, Vatavyadhi, Swasa(dyspnea), Kasa(cough), Jvara(fever), Udararoga(generalised abdomen distention), Sidhma(skin disease), Adhyavata, Amavata(rhematoid arthritis), Vatarakta(gout)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:73</ref>

==Other varieties==
* Berthelotia lanceolata DC.
* Berthelotia lanceolata var. senegalensis DC.
* Conyza proteiformis Perr. ex DC.
* Conyza rubra Buch.-Ham. ex DC.
* Pluchea lanceolata (DC.) Oliv. & Hiern
* Saussurea mucronata Spreng. ex DC.

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Shreyasi(Rasna is regarded as the best drug for vataroga), Elaparni, Yuktarasa(Plant has full of juices), Rasa, Suvaha, Surasa(The juices has a good qualities ), Sugandha, Surabhi, Nakuli(it is liked by mungoose)

==Synonyms in Bhavprakash Samhita==
Rasya(the taste of rasna is very pleasant),Rasana<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 162, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>

==Varieties==
===Raja Nighantu===
Mentioned 3 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, pippalyadi varga 81</ref>
# Mula rasna- Rauwolfia serpentina
# Patra rasna- Lochnera rosea
# Trina rasna – vanda tessellata

{| class="wikitable"
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Heavy (guru)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Vata
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(26)
|Anuvasanopag mahakashay(unctuous enema)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40
|Agrya Sangraha
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40
|Agrya Sangraha (collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/107
|Shaka Varga(Class of vegetables,
here rasna is mentioned with name of Sheyasi)

|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vamana dravyani (List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis
)

|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/250
|As an ingredient of Jeevantyadi anuvasana basti
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/72
|As an Unmardan dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/110
|In treatment of Udara roga (for parisheka in Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/43
|Used in swedana kriya(fomentation)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/63
|As an ingredient of traushnadi churna
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/71
|Hapusha is to be given with takra
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/72
|As an ingredient of takrarista
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/96
|Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/102
|Used in yavagu preparation for hikka svasa
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/106
|As an ingredient of pathasava
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/43
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/58
|As an ingredient of agastya haritaki leha
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/76
|Use as a pathya ahara.
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/96
|Use as a pathya ahara in pittaja kasa
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/136’
|As an ingredient of pippalyadi leha
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/158
|Use in treatment of kshataja kasa
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/168
|As an ingredient of haritaki leha
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/36
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/43
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/47
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/54
|As an ingredient of chitrakadi leha
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/77
|As an ingredient of peya yoga
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/92
|As an ingredient of twakadi leha
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/118
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/127
|As an ingredient of kantakari ghrita
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/174
|As an ingredient of padmakadi leha
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/231
|Used in the treatment of animals suffering with poison
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/243
|As an ingredient of Amruta ghrita
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/82
|As an ingredient of Punarnavadi taila for vataja hrudroga
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/93
|As an ingredient of Drakshadi Ghrita for pittaja hrudroga
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/97
|Used in Kaphaja Hrudroga
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/160
|Used in Vataja sirahshoola
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/163
|As an ingredient of Mayur Ghrita
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/170
|As an ingredient of Mahamayura Ghrita
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/41
|As an ingredient of Piluparnyadi Yoga
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/111
|Use for nadi sveda
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/122
|As an ingredient of Chitrakadi ghrita
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/130
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi maha sneha
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/137
|As an ingredient of Mulaka taila
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/148
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/161
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/165
|As an ingredient of Rasna taila
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/168
|As an ingredient of Mulakadhya taila
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/172
|As an ingredient of Mulaka taila
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/57
|Kshirapana in yoni shula
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/60
|As an ingredient of Guduchyadi taila, used in the treatment of Vataja yoni roga
|}

==Dose==
* 25-50 g. (Decoction)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:73</ref>

==Useful part==
Leaf<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:73</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:73</ref>
* Dashamularishta
* Devadarvarishta
* Rasnadi kwath churna
* Rasanaerandadi kwath churna

==Current availability ==
Available
India- karnataka, kerala, andhrapradesh, punjab

==Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Pluchea%20lanceolata

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Punarnava

2025-08-17T15:49:46Z

Dridhabala:

Boerhavia diffusa Linn.

{{Infobox
|title = Punarnava
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Punarnava
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Boerhavia diffusa Linn.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Nyctaginaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Spreading hogweed

==Therapeutic use==
Sotha(oedema), Pandu(Anemia and diseases due to blood deficiency)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1:60</ref>

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Punarnava, Shothaghni(reduse oedema), Varshabhu(it is perennial plant gets regenerated during rainy season ), Kshudravarshabhu, Katthillak, Varshaketu(regenerates in varsha rutu), Vrushchira, Kathillaka

==Synonyms in bhavprakash nighantu==
Swetamula(root is white in colour),Dirghapatrika<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, guduchyadi Varga, Verse no. 231, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>

==Varieties==
===According to bhavprakash nighantu===
# Sweta punarnava
# Rakta punarnava
===According to rajanighantu===
Mentioned 3 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2016, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi ,parpatadi varga verse 116,120,122</ref>
# Sweta punarnava
# Rakta punarnava
# Nila punarnava

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Sweet (madhura), Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[vata]], [[pitta]] and [[kapha]]
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/12 || Asthapana(Herbs used in Therapeutic Enema)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(22) || Svedopagmahakashaya(helping dia-phoresis/sudation)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(26) || Anuvasanopagmahakashaya(unctuous enema)
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(36) || Kasaharamahakashaya (relieving cough)
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(50) || Vayasthapanmahakashaya (anti-ageing)
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/96
|Shaka Varga(group of vegetables)
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani (List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis)
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/136
|Vaman dravyani (List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis)
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani (List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/136
|Virechan Dravya (List of medicines used in therapeutic purgation)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/139
|Madhur skanda(group of sweet drugs)
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/43
|In formulation of brahma rasayana
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/26
|Ingredient in Bruhaniya Gutika
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/189
|As shaka-pathya ahara.
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/125
|Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/79
|Ingredient in Shira-Pashva –Ansha Shula nashak lepa
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/170
|Ingredient in Strotosuddhikar Ghrita
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/175
|As a Utsadan dravya Bahyaprayogarth(external treatment)
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/26
|Rakta shthivan (treatment of excessive bleeding)
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/36
|Ingredient in Amrutprash Ghrita
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/56
|Ingredient in Dvitiya Sarpigud
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/66
|Ingredient in Chaturtha Sarpigud
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/36
|Ingredient in Amrutprash Ghrita
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/22
|In treatment of Kaphaja Svayathu
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/23
|In treatment of Vataja Svayathu
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/25
|In treatment of Vataja Svayathu
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/34
|Ingredient in Punarnavadhyarisht
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/73
|As an Unmardan dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/34
|Ingredient in Punarnavadhyarisht
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/93
|As an ingredient of Punarnava Mandur
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/119
|As an ingredient of Vyoshadi Ghrita
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/127
|As an ingredient of kantakari ghrita
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/177
|As an ingredient of jivantyadi leha
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/53
|As an ingredient of Kakandadi yoga
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/61, 64
|As an ingredient of Jeevaniya Ghrita
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/73
|As an ingredient of Jeevakadi mahasneha
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/103
|As an ingredient of Amrutadhya taila
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/53
|As an ingredient of Kashmaryadi ghrita, used in the treatment of Vataja yoni
|}

==DOSE==
* 20-30 g of the drug for decoction<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1:60</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1:60</ref>
* Punarnavashtak kwath
* Punarnavasava
* Punarnavadi mandura
* Sukumara ghruta

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Boerhavia%20diffusa

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Pippali

2025-08-17T15:46:40Z

Dridhabala:

Piper longum L.

{{Infobox
|title = Pippali
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Pippali
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Piper longum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Piperaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Long Pepper

==Therapeutic uses==
Sula(Colic), Chardi(vomiting), Kaasa(Cough), Jwara(Fever)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2:60</ref>

==Types==
===Raja Nighantu===
Mentioned 4 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, pippalyadi varga, verse no. 15,18,20,23</ref>
# Pippali
# Gaja pippali
# Simhali Pippali
# Vanaadi pippali

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Pippali, Krishna(Dry fruit are black in colour), Magadhi(it is abunduntly available in magadha desh), Upakulya(Pippali grows near or along side of water streams), Kana(fruits are small berries), Vaidehi(it is very common in videha desa), Chapala(Which cure many disease), Kolaa(Pippali has got pungent taste , if taken causes burning sensation in tongue), Tikshnatandula(Seeds of pippali is spicy)

==Synonyms in bhavprakash nighantu==
Shaundi<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 53, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties (Dry) !! Properties (Wet)
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu) || Sweet (madhura)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Neither too hot nor too cold (anushnasheeta) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura) ||--
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha), Sharp (tikshna) || Heavy (guru)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[vata]] || Increases [[vata]] and [[kapha]], pacify [[pitta]]
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/3 || Sirovirechana (Catharsis of Cephalic Region)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/7 || Vamana Dravya (Herbs used for Therapeutic Emesis)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/18 || Deepaniya – Shulaghniyavagu (Gruel for enhancing digestion and colic pain)
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/23 || Pipasaghniyavagu(Gruels for excess thirst )
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/29 || Vatanulominiyavagu(Gruels for flatulence)
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/31 || Kantha Roghniyavagu(Gruel for throat disorders)
|-
| 9 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(6) || Deepaniyamahakashaya(Appetisers)
|-
| 10 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(9)|| Kanthyamahakashaya(beneficial for throat & voice)
|-
| 11 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(11)|| Truptighnamahakashaya(anti-satiety)
|-
| 12 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(15)|| Krimighnamahakashaya(anti-helmintics)
|-
| 13 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(25)|| Asthapanopagmahakashaya(helping corrective enema)
|-
| 14 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(27)|| Shirovirechanopagmahakashaya( helping nasal errhine therapy)
|-
| 15 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(30)|| Hikkanigrahanamahakashaya(reducing hiccups)
|-
| 16 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(36)|| Kasaharamahakashaya(relieving cough)
|-
| 17 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(42)|| Sheetaprashamanmahakashaya(pacifying cold)
|-
| 18 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(45)|| Shoolaprashamanmahakashaya(anti-spasmodics)
|-
| 19 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/35
| Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa( Management of diseases due to undernutrition)
|-
| 20 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 24/50
| Mada Murccha Chikitsa
|-
| 21 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40
| Agrya Sangraha (collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)
|-
| 22 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/4
| Natural qualities.
|-
| 23 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/256
| Krutanna Varga
|-
| 24 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/297
| Krutanna Varga
|-
| 25 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/51
| Veerya varnan(potency)
|-
| 26 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84
| Viruddha ahara(incompatible substances)
|-
| 27 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 1/15
| Nitya asevaniya padarth varnan(Dravya that are not recommended for daily use)
|-
| 28 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
| Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
| 29 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/18
| Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
| 30 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
| Vaman dravyani(as an ingredient of List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis)
|-
| 31 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/142
| Katuskandha(group of pungent drugs)
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/34
|Garbhasya pratimasik karma
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/41
|Prajata stree paricharya(use as an ingredient in Procedure to remove placenta post-delivery)
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/41
|Prajata stree paricharya(use as an ingredient in Procedure to remove placenta post-delivery)
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/48
|Nadi kalpana
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22
|Vamanartha
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/23
|Vamanartha
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/15
|Preparations of Trivrut
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/29
|Preparations of Trivrut Awaleha
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/36
|Preparations of Modaka
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/37
|Preparations of Avaleha
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/40
|Preparation of Kalyanaka Guda
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/56
|Preparation of Varshakalin Trivrut Yoga
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/70
|Madya Yoga
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 9/7
|Tilvaka Yoga
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 12/5
|Danti-Dravanti Sangraha
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 12/27
|Modak Yoga
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 12/32
|Arishta Yoga
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/2/7
|In formulation of amalaka avaleha
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/27
|Ingredient in Bruhaniya Gutika
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/37
|Ingredient in Vajikaran Ghrita
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/2/21
|Ingredient in Vrushya Ghrita
|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/3/12
|Ingredient of Vrushya pippali yoga
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/3/18
|Ingredient of Vrushya shatavari Ghrita
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/25
|Ingredient in Apatyakar Ghrita
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/31
|Ingredient in Vrushya Gutika
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/179
|Used as lajapeya with sunthi where agni is manda but kshudha is present
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/184
|Used as peya with Ghrita where jwara is associated with Constipation(Doshanulomaka)
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/219
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi Ghrita for jeerna jwara
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/223
|As an ingredient of Vasadi Ghrita
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/228
|Used for Vaman karma
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/243
|As an ingredient of Patoladi niruha basti
|-
|63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/248
|Used in iruha basti as kalka
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/250
|As an ingredient of Jivantyadi anuvasan basti
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
|As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/303
|Used in Vishama jwara.
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/78
|Raktapitta- shamaka yoga in ugra raktapitta.
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/65
|Ingredient in Trayushanaadi ghrita
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/71
|Ingredient of Hapushadya ghrita
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/74
|Ingredient of Pippalyadya ghrita
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/79
|Ingredient of Hingvadi churna
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/98
|Yush in Vataj Gulma
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/142
|Ingredient of Dashamuli Ghrita
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/144
|Ingredient in Bhallatakadya Ghrit for Kaphaj Gulma
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/147
|Ingredient in Kshir Shatpal Ghrit
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/156
|Ingredient of Danti- Haritaki
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/164
|Pathya Diet in Gulma
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/48
|As Nashya in Kushth
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/61
|Ingredient in Kushthaghna Yoga
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/65
|Ingredient in Mustadi Churna
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/68
|Ingredient in Triphaladi Churna
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/77
|Ingredient in Kanakabindurisht
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/109
|Ingredient in Tiktekshvadi Taila for Abhyang in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Tail
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/141
|Ingredient in Tiktashatpala Ghrit
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/145
|Ingredient in Mahatikta Ghrit
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/161
|Kushthahar Yog
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/171
|Shvitra nashak Lepa
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/67
|Pathya diet for Pinas in treatment of Rajayakshma
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/91
|As a Nasya dravya(nasal errhines)
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/96
|Ingredient in Kharjuradi Avaleh
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/97
|Ingredient in Avaleh
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/100
|Ingredient in Avaleh
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/101
|Ingredient in Avaleh
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/103
|Ingredient in Sitopaladi Churna
|-
|97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/108
|Ingredient in Duralabhadi Ghrit
|-
|98
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/112
|Ingredient in Jivantyadi Ghrit
|-
|99
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/115
|Ingredient in Baladi Kshirapak
|-
|100
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/137
|As a Kaval dravya for Mukhashodhanarth
|-
|101
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/142
|Ingredient in Yavani shadav
|-
|102
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/145
|Ingredient in Talishadi Churna
|-
|103
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/169
|Ingredient in Strotosuddhikar Ghrit
|-
|104
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/169
|Ingredient in Strotosuddhikar Ghrit
|-
|105
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/171
|Ingredient in Yakshmanashak Ghrit
|-
|106
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/34
|Ingredient in Hingvadi Ghrit
|-
|107
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/49
|Ingredient in Lasunadya Ghrit
|-
|108
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/54
|Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrit
|-
|109
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/65
|Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
|-
|110
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/70
|Ingredient in Siddharthakadi Agad
|-
|111
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/20
|Ingredient in Mahapanchagavya Ghrit
|-
|112
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/37
|Ingredient in Apasmar nashak Dhup and Pradeh
|-
|113
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/43
|As a Nasya dravya
|-
|114
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/45
|As a Pradhaman nasya dravya
|-
|115
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/46
|Ingredient in Kayasthadi varti
|-
|116
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/48
|Ingredient in Mustadi varti
|-
|117
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/20
|As a diet and drinks in treatment of Kshatakshin
|-
|118
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/21
|Ingerdient in Eladi Gutika
|-
|119
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/30
|As a diet in treatment of Kshatakshin
|-
|120
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/33
|As a diet in treatment of Kshatakshin
|-
|121
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/37
|Ingredient in Amrutprash Ghrit
|-
|122
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/48
|Ingredient in Samasaktu Ghrit
|-
|123
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/58
|Ingredient in Dvitiya Sarpigud
|-
|124
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/66
|Ingredient in Chaturtha Sarpigud
|-
|125
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/72
|Ingredient in Pancham Sarpimodak
|-
|126
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/79
|For Kasa and Jvar rog in Kshatkshin
|-
|127
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/21
|In treatment of Kaphaj Svayathu
|-
|128
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/23
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu
|-
|129
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/24
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu
|-
|130
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/27
|For bhinna varch in treatment of Vataj Svayathu
|-
|131
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/29
|Ingredient in Gandiradhyarisht
|-
|132
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/30
|Ingredient in Gandiradhyarisht
|-
|133
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/32
|Ingredient in Ashtashatorisht
|-
|134
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/39
|Ingredient in Triphaladhyarisht
|-
|135
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|136
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/42
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|137
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/43
|Ingredient in Kshar Gudika
|-
|138
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/50
|Ingredient in Kansaharitaki Avaleh
|-
|139
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/53
|Ingredient in Patolamuladi Kwath
|-
|140
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55
|Ingredient in Chitrakadi Ghrit
|-
|141
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/62
|As a Pathya Diet In treatment of Shvayathu
|-
|142
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/62
|As a Pathya Diet In treatment of Shvayathu
|-
|143
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/66
|For Lepa, Abhyangadi Bahyaprayogarth
|-
|144
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/70
|Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Kaphaja Shvayathu
|-
|145
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/79
|In treatment of plihodara
|-
|146
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/84
|In formulation of rohitaka ghrit
|-
|147
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/102
|In treatment of sannipataja udararoga (takraprayoga)
|-
|148
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/105
|In treatment of vatodara (takraprayoga)
|-
|149
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/106
|In treatment of chhidrodara (takraprayoga)
|-
|150
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/106
|In treatment of dakodar(takraprayoga)
|-
|151
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/108
|As an ingredient of udararoganashaka lepa
|-
|152
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/112
|In formulation of panchkola ghrit
|-
|153
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/122
|After virechana (balavruddhi arthe) mixed with dugdha
|-
|154
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/126
|As an ingredient of narayanaay churna
|-
|155
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/134
|As an ingredient of hapushadya churna
|-
|156
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/137
|As an ingredient of nilinadya churna
|-
|157
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/158
|As an ingredient of pippalyadi lavana
|-
|158
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/163
|As an ingredient of ksharavatika
|-
|159
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/148
|Kalka used in udara roga with milk
|-
|160
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/50
|Dhupan yoga in arsha roga (Recipes for smearing and fumigation
)

|-
|161
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/52
|Used as lepa over arsha
|-
|162
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/54
|Used as lepa (external application)
|-
|163
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/62
|As an ingredient of traushnadi churna
|-
|164
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/71
|Pancakola churna is given with takra
|-
|165
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/72
|As an ingredient of takrarista
|-
|166
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/89
|Used in peya, khada yusha, ghrit, siddhant jala
|-
|167
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/92
|Used in yavagu
|-
|168
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/103
|Use with phanita and goghrit
|-
|169
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/104
|As an ingredient of pippalyadi ghrit
|-
|170
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/106
|Removes vata and vibandha
|-
|171
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/107
|As an ingredient of cavyadighrit
|-
|172
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/110
|As an ingredient of nagaradya ghrit
|-
|173
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/131
|Used in anuvasan basti
|-
|174
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/138
|As an ingredient of abhayarista
|-
|175
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/155
|As an ingredient of dvitiya phalarista
|-
|176
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/158
|As an ingredient of kanakarista
|-
|177
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/235
|As an ingredient of sunishanak changeri ghrit
|-
|178
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/74
|Used for vamana in amaja grahani roga(for emesis therapy)
|-
|179
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/76
|Panchakola sadhit peya and Anna is given in Amaja grahani roga
|-
|180
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/82
|As an ingredient of dashmuladya ghrit
|-
|181
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/87
|As an ingredient of traushnaadi ghrit
|-
|182
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/88
|As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
|-
|183
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/96
|As an ingredient of citrakadhya gutika
|-
|184
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/105
|Used in kaphapittaja grahani
|-
|185
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/106
|Agnivruddhiartha and for alleviating kostha gaya kayu in grahaniroga
|-
|186
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/112
|Used as ingredient of yavagu
|-
|187
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/127
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrit(kalka dravya)
|-
|188
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/132
|This drug is used in treatment of pittajagrahani as an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya churna
|-
|189
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/137
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|-
|190
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/142
|Used as peya padartha in Kaphaja grahani
|-
|191
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/154
|As an ingredient of Duralabhasava(Kaphaja grahani )
|-
|192
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/160
|As an ingredient of Pindasava
|-
|193
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/163
|As an ingredient of Madhvarista
|-
|194
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/168
|Used in treatment of Kaphaja grahani
|-
|195
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/173
|As an ingredient of Pippalimooladi Kshara
|-
|196
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/177
|ingredient of Bhallataka Kshara
|-
|197
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/178
|As an ingredient of Bhallataka Kshara
|-
|198
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
|As an ingredient of Bhallataka Kshara
|-
|199
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/75
|Used for vamana in hikka swasa roga(For emesis)
|-
|200
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/97
|Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
|-
|201
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/104
|Used as annapana for hikka svasa
|-
|202
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/108
|As an ingredient of hingvadi churna
|-
|203
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/111
|Used in preparation of Utkarika
|-
|204
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/112
|Siddha ghrit is used in vatanubandhi svasa
|-
|205
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/123
|As an ingredient of satyadi churna
|-
|206
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/136
|Used as lihya
|-
|207
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/140
|As an ingredient of dashamuladhya ghrit
|-
|208
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/141
|As an ingredient of Tejovatyadi ghrit
|-
|209
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/36
|As a ghrita dravya
|-
|210
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/47
|As an ingredient of yoga dravya
|-
|211
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/51
|As an ingredient of leha dravya
|-
|212
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/55
|Use as an ingredient of chitrakadi leha
|-
|213
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/60
|Use as an ingredient of agastya haritaki
|-
|214
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/63
|Use as an ingredient of saindhavadi yoga
|-
|215
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/64
|Use as an ingredient of khadirasara yoga
|-
|216
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/71
|Use as an ingredient of praproundarika dhuma
|-
|217
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/74
|Use as an ingredient of dhumpana yoga(medicated smoke inhalation)
|-
|218
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/77
|Use as an ingredient of peya yoga
|-
|219
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/87
|Use as an ingredient of leha yoga in pittaj kasa
|-
|220
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/87
|Use as an ingredient of leha yoga in pittaj kasa
|-
|221
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/88
|Use as an ingredient of leha yoga in pittaj kasa
|-
|222
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/89
|Use as an ingredient of leha yoga in pittaj kasa
|-
|223
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/91
|Use as an ingredient of mrudvikadi leha
|-
|224
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/94
|Use as an ingredient of pippalyadi leha
|-
|225
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/100
|Use as an ingredient of kshirapaka
|-
|226
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/103
|Use as an ingredient of yoga dravya
|-
|227
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/109
|Use as an ingredient of yusha dravya in kaphaja kasa
|-
|228
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/114
|Use as an ingredient of pathadi kalka
|-
|229
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/118
|Use as an ingredient of vatanubandhi kaphaja kasa treatment
|-
|230
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/116
|Use it as a kwath dravya(decoction)
|-
|231
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/119
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|232
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/120
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|233
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/120
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|234
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/121
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|235
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/122
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|236
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/135

|Use as an ingredient of pippalyadi leha
|-
|237
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/159
|Use as an ingredient of dwipanchamuladi ghrita
|-
|238
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/161
|Use as an ingredient of guduchyadi ghrita
|-
|239
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/163
|Use as an ingredient of kasmaryadi ghrita
|-
|240
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/166
|Use as an ingredient of ghrita yoga
|-
|241
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/169
|Use as an ingredient of haritaki leha
|-
|242
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/172
|Use as a yoga dravya in treatment of kshayaja kasa
|-
|243
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/20
|Use as a pramathya dravya
|-
|244
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/27
|
As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
|-
|245
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/80
|As a dravya in Darvyadi ghrita preparation
|-
|246
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/106
|
As a kwath dravya
|-
|247
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/114
|
As a dravya in yoga
|-
|248
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/118
|
As a piccha basti dravya
|-
|249
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/113
|Use it with madhu
|-
|250
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/28
|As an ingredient of lehya prayoga in Pittaja chhardi
|-
|251
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/34
|For vamana in Kaphaja chhardi(for emesis)
|-
|252
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/39
|As an ingredient of Manahshiladi yoga
|-
|253
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/31
|As a pana yoga in Pittaja chhardi
|-
|254
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/52
|For Vamana karma(for emesis)
|-
|255
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/129
|Used in granthi visarpa
|-
|256
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/53
|For cleansing the mouth
|-
|257
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/50
|For sangyasthapana in 6th vega of visha
|-
|258
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/56
|As an ingredient of Mritasanjeevana Agada
|-
|259
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/183
|Used in netragata visha, as a anjana prayoga
|-
|260
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/185
|Used in the treatment of pakvashaya - gata visha
|-
|261
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/189
|Used in the treatment of Kapha pradhana visha, as a pratisarana prayoga
|-
|262
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/96
|As an ingredient of Hingvadi yoga
|-
|263
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/12
|Used to make Udavarta varti
|-
|264
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/14
|Used in udavarta for pradhamana
|-
|265
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/14
|Used in udavarta for pradhamana
|-
|266
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/21
|As an ingredient of Vachadi churna
|-
|267
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/55
|As an ingredient of Vyoshadi churn used in Kaphaja mutrakruchhra
|-
|268
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/60
|As an ingredient of Pashanbhedadi churna
|-
|269
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/87
|As an ingredient of Trushanadi Ghrita
|-
|270
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/97
|Used in Kaphaja Hrudroga
|-
|271
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/98
|As an ingredient of Udumbaravleha
|-
|272
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/145
|Used as nasya in Pakva peenasa
|-
|273
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/150
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya
|-
|274
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/152
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya for pradhamana
|-
|275
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/153
|As an ingredient of Bhargyadi taila
|-
|276
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/156
|Pathya anna in kaphaja pratishyaya
|-
|277
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/186
|Used in Kaphaja Siroroga for Avapeeda nasya
|-
|278
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/188
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi churna for kavala karma
|-
|279
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/192
|As an ingredient of Kshara gutika
|-
|280
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/194
|As an ingredient of Kalak churna
|-
|281
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/198
|As an ingredient of Mrudvikadi churna
|-
|282
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/216,217
|Used in Kavala in Arochaka
|-
|283
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/242
|As an ingredient of Saindhavadi churna
|-
|284
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/247
|As an ingredient of Churnanjana
|-
|285
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/252
|As an ingredient of Sukhavati varti
|-
|286
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/258
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi rasakriya
|-
|287
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/261
|As an ingredient of Dhatryadi rasakriya
|-
|288
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/270
|As an ingredient of Mahaneela taila
|-
|289
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/276
|As an ingredient of Prapoundrakadi taila
|-
|290
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/287
|Used in Kaphaja swarbheda.(Treatment of hoarseness of voice)
|-
|291
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/28

|As Urustambha Nashaka Dravya(disease of thigh)
|-
|292
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/31
|As an ingredient of Urustambh nashak Yoga
|-
|293
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/32
|As an ingredient of Urustambh nashak Yoga
|-
|294
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/38
|As an ingredient of Swarnakshiradi Yoga
|-
|295
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/122
|As an ingredient of Chitrakadi ghrita
|-
|296
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/168
|As an ingredient of Mulakadhya taila
|-
|297
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/64
|As an ingredient of Jeevaniya Ghrita
|-
|298
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/80
|Used as Shruta
|-
|299
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/99
|As an ingredient of Sukumaraka taila
|-
|300
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/152
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi kalka in tridoshaja shola
|-
|301
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/50
|As an ingredient of Baladi sneha, used in the treatment of Vata – Pittaja yoni roga
|-
|302
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/54
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi yoga
|-
|303
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/57
|As an ingredient of Vrushakadi churna, used in the treatment of Vataja yoni
|-
|304
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/66
|As an ingredient of Bruhad Satavari ghrita
|-
|305
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/72
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi varti
|-
|306
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/84
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi Churna
|-
|307
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/109
|Used in the treatment of Karnini
|-
|308
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/280
|Used in the treatment of Gaurava stanya dosha, as an ingredient of Pippalyadi kwatha
|-
|309
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/119
|Used in the treatment of Sveta pradara
|-
|310
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/150
|Magadhi rasayana, used in the treatment of Kapha dushta sukra dosha
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 1-3 gm churna<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2:60</ref>
==Useful part==
* Fruit<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2:60</ref>

==Important Formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2:60</ref>
* Amrutarishta
* Ayaskruti
* Cyavanaprash Avaleha
* Gudapippali
* Kumaryasava
* Candanasava
* shiva gulika
* Kaishor Guggulu

== Current availability==

Available

* In india: Bengal, Bihar, Assam,Tamilnaadu.

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Piper%20longum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Patha

2025-08-17T15:23:26Z

Dridhabala:

Cissampelos pareira L.
{{Infobox
|title = Patha
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Patha
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cissampelos pareira L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Menisperrnaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Velvet leaf

==Therapeutic uses==
Shula(pain),Atisaraa(diarrhoea),Chardi(vomiting),Jwara(fever),Kandu(itching),Kustha(skin disease),Stanyadushti(disorder of breast milk)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :58</ref>

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Patha

==Synonyms in bhavaprakash nighantu==
Ambastha(act as stambhaka) , ambasthaki, prachina, paapachelika(it cure many diseases), ekasthila(fruit of patha will have one seed), rasaa, varatiktika<ref> Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, guduchyadi varga, verse no.-191,192</ref>

==Varieties==
===Kaiyadeva nighantu===
# Patha
# Kuchelika

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])||Katu(pungent), Tikta(bitter)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot(Ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) ||Pungent (Katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (Laghu),sharp(Tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Bhagnasandhankruta, Grahi, Raktashodhaka, Visaghna,Tridoshashamana , Stanyashodhana
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/12||As an ingredient of stanyashodhana(galacto-purifiers) mahakashaya
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/16||As an ingredient of Jwarahara(relieving fever) mahakashya
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10||Use as an ingredient of decoction in Management of santarpana-induced diseases
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/12||Use as an ingredient of decoction in Management of santarpana-induced diseases
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/19||Use as an ingredient of decoction in Management of santarpana-induced diseases
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/88||Shaka varga (Class of vegetables)
|-
| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135||As an ingredient of List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis

|-
|8||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143||Tikta skandha (group of bitter drugs)
|-
|9||Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/56||As an ingredient of kshira vishodhna Dravya
|-
|10||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/199||As an ingredient of Decoctions indicated in jwara
|-
|11||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/201||As an ingredient of Kashaya use in vishama jwara
|-
|12||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/204||As an ingredient of Kashaya use in jwara
|-
|13||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/211||As an ingredient of Formulations used in sannipata jwara
|-
|14||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/79||As an ingredient of Hingvadi churna and gutika
|-
|15||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/27||As an ingredient of Decoctions for kaphaja prameha
|-
|16||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/28||As an ingredient of Decoctions for kaphaja prameha
|-
|17||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/32||As an ingredient of Decoctions for pittaja prameha
|-
|18||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103||As an ingredient of medicated oil use in kushtha(skin diseases)
|-
|19||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113||As an ingredient of Kanakaksheeri taila
|-
|20||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/144||As an ingredient of Mahatiktaka ghee
|-
|21||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/126||As a yoga Dravya in Treatment of diarrhea
|-
|22||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/128||As a yoga Dravya in Treatment of diarrhea
|-
|23||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/20||As an ingredient of Mahapanchagavya ghee
|-
|24||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/16||Use in treatment of atisara in kshata kshina disease
|-
|25||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41||Yoga Dravya in treatment of edema
|-
|26||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/62||As a yoga Dravya for pachana in hemorrhoids patients
|-
|27||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/69||As a yoga Dravya
|-
|28||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/90||As an ingredient of peya
|-
|29||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/98||As a yoga Dravya for Treatment of hemorrhoids with constipated bowels
|-
|30||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/99||As a yoga Dravya for Treatment of hemorrhoids with constipated bowels
|-
|31||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/100||As a yoga Dravya for Treatment of hemorrhoids with constipated bowels
|-
|32||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/107||As an ingredient of Chavyadi ghrita
|-
|33||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/110||As an ingredient of Nagaradi ghirta
|-
|34||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/113||As an ingredient of Pippalyadi ghrita
|-
|35||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/148||As an ingredient of Phalarishta
|-
|36||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/153||As an ingredient of Phalarishta
|-
|37||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/159||As an ingredient of Kanakarishta
|-
|38||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/195||As a yoga Dravya for treatment of hemorrhoids
|-
|39||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/230||As an ingredient of Hriveradi Ghrita
|-
|40||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/237||As an ingredient of Sunnishannak changeri ghrita
|-
|41||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/103||As a kwath Dravya
|-
|42||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/106||As a yoga Dravya
|-
|43||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/125||As an ingredient of Chandanadya ghrita
|-
|44||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/129||As an ingredient of Nagaradya churna
|-
|45||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/134||As an ingredient of Bhunimbadya churna
|-
|46||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/135||As an ingredient of Bhunimbadya churna
|-
|47||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/142||As a yoga Dravya in treatment of kaphaja grahani
|-
|48||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/173||As an ingredient of Ksharaghrita
|-
|49||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/179||As a yoga Dravya in kshara Kalpana
|-
|50||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/186||As an ingredient of Chaturtha-kshara
|-
|51||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/188||As an ingredient of Panchamakshara
|-
|52||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/119||Use in Treatment of mrittika bhakshanajanya pandu
|-
|53||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/106||As a main ingredient in Pathadyasava
|-
|54||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/36||As an ingredient of Pippalyadi ghrita
|-
|55||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/114||As a yoga Dravya in treatment of kaphaja kasa (cough)
|-
|56||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/158||As an ingredient of Dvi-panchamuladi ghritam
|-
|57||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/161||As an ingredient of Guduchyadi ghritam
|-
|58||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/163||As an ingredient of ghrita Dravya use in kasa(cough)
|-
|59||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/176||As an ingredient of Padmakadi leha
|-
|60||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/26||Use in treatment of vataja atisara
|-
|61||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/33||Use in Management of diarrhea associated with pain
|-
|62||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/54||Use in treatment of pittaja atisara
|-
|63||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/105||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of kaphaja atisara
|-
|64||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/107||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of kaphaja atisara
|-
|65||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/110||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of kaphaja atisara
|-
|66||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/212||As a ingredient of agada yoga(antidote of poison)
|-
|67||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/244||As a ingredient of Amrita Ghee
|-
|68||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/60||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of dysuria caused by calculus and gravel
|-
|69||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/145||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of pittaja pinasa(rhinitis)
|-
|70||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/189||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|71||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/191||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|72||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/194||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|73||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/199||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|74||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/201||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|75||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/205||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|76||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/34||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of urustambha
|-
|77||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/37||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of urustambha
|-
|78||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/42||As an ingredient of Piluparnyadi taila
|-
|79||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/90||As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|-
|80||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/266||Use as a yoga Dravya in treatment of vitiated breast milk
|-
|81||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/276||Use as a yoga Dravya in treatment of vitiated breast milk
|-
|82||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/277||Use as a yoga Dravya in treatment of vitiated breast milk
|-
|83||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22||As a yoga dravya
|-
|84||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58||As an ingredient of purgation formulation use in winter
|-
|85||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/56||As a basti Dravya use in kaphaja disease
|-
|86||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/59||As a basti Dravya
|-
|87||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/61||As a basti Dravya
|-
|88||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/63||As a basti Dravya
|-
|89||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 4/19||As an ingredient of Unctuous enema for kapha disorders
|-
|90||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 12/18||As an ingredient of Sthiradi yapana basti
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3-6 gm powder<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :58</ref>
==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :58</ref>
* Bruhatagangadhara churna
* Pushyanuga churna
* Pradarantak lauha
* Sarsvata ghruta
* Stanyashodhana kashaya churna

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Cissampelos%20pareira

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Patha

2025-08-17T15:22:58Z

Dridhabala:

Cissampelos pareira L.
{{Infobox
|title = Patha
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Patha
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cissampelos pareira L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Menisperrnaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Velvet leaf

==Therapeutic uses==
Shula(pain),Atisaraa(diarrhoea),Chardi(vomiting),Jwara(fever),Kandu(itching),Kustha(skin disease),Stanyadushti(disorder of breast milk)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :58</ref>

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Patha

==Synonyms in bhavaprakash nighantu==
Ambastha(act as stambhaka) , ambasthaki, prachina, paapachelika(it cure many diseases), ekasthila(fruit of patha will have one seed), rasaa, varatiktika<ref> Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, guduchyadi varga, verse no.-191,192</ref>

==Varieties==
==Kaiyadeva nighantu==
# Patha
# Kuchelika

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])||Katu(pungent), Tikta(bitter)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot(Ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) ||Pungent (Katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (Laghu),sharp(Tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Bhagnasandhankruta, Grahi, Raktashodhaka, Visaghna,Tridoshashamana , Stanyashodhana
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/12||As an ingredient of stanyashodhana(galacto-purifiers) mahakashaya
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/16||As an ingredient of Jwarahara(relieving fever) mahakashya
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10||Use as an ingredient of decoction in Management of santarpana-induced diseases
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/12||Use as an ingredient of decoction in Management of santarpana-induced diseases
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/19||Use as an ingredient of decoction in Management of santarpana-induced diseases
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/88||Shaka varga (Class of vegetables)
|-
| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135||As an ingredient of List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis

|-
|8||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143||Tikta skandha (group of bitter drugs)
|-
|9||Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/56||As an ingredient of kshira vishodhna Dravya
|-
|10||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/199||As an ingredient of Decoctions indicated in jwara
|-
|11||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/201||As an ingredient of Kashaya use in vishama jwara
|-
|12||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/204||As an ingredient of Kashaya use in jwara
|-
|13||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/211||As an ingredient of Formulations used in sannipata jwara
|-
|14||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/79||As an ingredient of Hingvadi churna and gutika
|-
|15||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/27||As an ingredient of Decoctions for kaphaja prameha
|-
|16||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/28||As an ingredient of Decoctions for kaphaja prameha
|-
|17||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/32||As an ingredient of Decoctions for pittaja prameha
|-
|18||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103||As an ingredient of medicated oil use in kushtha(skin diseases)
|-
|19||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113||As an ingredient of Kanakaksheeri taila
|-
|20||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/144||As an ingredient of Mahatiktaka ghee
|-
|21||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/126||As a yoga Dravya in Treatment of diarrhea
|-
|22||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/128||As a yoga Dravya in Treatment of diarrhea
|-
|23||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/20||As an ingredient of Mahapanchagavya ghee
|-
|24||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/16||Use in treatment of atisara in kshata kshina disease
|-
|25||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41||Yoga Dravya in treatment of edema
|-
|26||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/62||As a yoga Dravya for pachana in hemorrhoids patients
|-
|27||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/69||As a yoga Dravya
|-
|28||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/90||As an ingredient of peya
|-
|29||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/98||As a yoga Dravya for Treatment of hemorrhoids with constipated bowels
|-
|30||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/99||As a yoga Dravya for Treatment of hemorrhoids with constipated bowels
|-
|31||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/100||As a yoga Dravya for Treatment of hemorrhoids with constipated bowels
|-
|32||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/107||As an ingredient of Chavyadi ghrita
|-
|33||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/110||As an ingredient of Nagaradi ghirta
|-
|34||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/113||As an ingredient of Pippalyadi ghrita
|-
|35||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/148||As an ingredient of Phalarishta
|-
|36||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/153||As an ingredient of Phalarishta
|-
|37||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/159||As an ingredient of Kanakarishta
|-
|38||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/195||As a yoga Dravya for treatment of hemorrhoids
|-
|39||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/230||As an ingredient of Hriveradi Ghrita
|-
|40||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/237||As an ingredient of Sunnishannak changeri ghrita
|-
|41||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/103||As a kwath Dravya
|-
|42||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/106||As a yoga Dravya
|-
|43||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/125||As an ingredient of Chandanadya ghrita
|-
|44||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/129||As an ingredient of Nagaradya churna
|-
|45||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/134||As an ingredient of Bhunimbadya churna
|-
|46||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/135||As an ingredient of Bhunimbadya churna
|-
|47||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/142||As a yoga Dravya in treatment of kaphaja grahani
|-
|48||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/173||As an ingredient of Ksharaghrita
|-
|49||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/179||As a yoga Dravya in kshara Kalpana
|-
|50||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/186||As an ingredient of Chaturtha-kshara
|-
|51||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/188||As an ingredient of Panchamakshara
|-
|52||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/119||Use in Treatment of mrittika bhakshanajanya pandu
|-
|53||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/106||As a main ingredient in Pathadyasava
|-
|54||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/36||As an ingredient of Pippalyadi ghrita
|-
|55||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/114||As a yoga Dravya in treatment of kaphaja kasa (cough)
|-
|56||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/158||As an ingredient of Dvi-panchamuladi ghritam
|-
|57||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/161||As an ingredient of Guduchyadi ghritam
|-
|58||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/163||As an ingredient of ghrita Dravya use in kasa(cough)
|-
|59||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/176||As an ingredient of Padmakadi leha
|-
|60||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/26||Use in treatment of vataja atisara
|-
|61||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/33||Use in Management of diarrhea associated with pain
|-
|62||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/54||Use in treatment of pittaja atisara
|-
|63||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/105||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of kaphaja atisara
|-
|64||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/107||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of kaphaja atisara
|-
|65||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/110||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of kaphaja atisara
|-
|66||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/212||As a ingredient of agada yoga(antidote of poison)
|-
|67||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/244||As a ingredient of Amrita Ghee
|-
|68||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/60||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of dysuria caused by calculus and gravel
|-
|69||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/145||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of pittaja pinasa(rhinitis)
|-
|70||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/189||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|71||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/191||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|72||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/194||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|73||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/199||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|74||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/201||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|75||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/205||As a yoga Dravya use in Treatment of diseases of the mouth
|-
|76||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/34||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of urustambha
|-
|77||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/37||As a yoga Dravya use in treatment of urustambha
|-
|78||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/42||As an ingredient of Piluparnyadi taila
|-
|79||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/90||As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|-
|80||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/266||Use as a yoga Dravya in treatment of vitiated breast milk
|-
|81||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/276||Use as a yoga Dravya in treatment of vitiated breast milk
|-
|82||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/277||Use as a yoga Dravya in treatment of vitiated breast milk
|-
|83||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22||As a yoga dravya
|-
|84||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58||As an ingredient of purgation formulation use in winter
|-
|85||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/56||As a basti Dravya use in kaphaja disease
|-
|86||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/59||As a basti Dravya
|-
|87||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/61||As a basti Dravya
|-
|88||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 3/63||As a basti Dravya
|-
|89||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 4/19||As an ingredient of Unctuous enema for kapha disorders
|-
|90||Cha.Sa.[[Siddhi Sthana]] 12/18||As an ingredient of Sthiradi yapana basti
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3-6 gm powder<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :58</ref>
==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :58</ref>
* Bruhatagangadhara churna
* Pushyanuga churna
* Pradarantak lauha
* Sarsvata ghruta
* Stanyashodhana kashaya churna

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Cissampelos%20pareira

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Pashanabheda

2025-08-17T15:12:50Z

Dridhabala:

Saxifraga ligulata Wall.
{{Infobox
|title = Pashanabheda
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Pashanabheda
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = .Saxifraga ligulata Wall.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Saxifragaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
--

==Therapeutic uses==
Asmari(Stone), Meha,Mutrakriccha(dysuria)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1:57</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Ashmaghna, Ashmabhedaka, Shilodbheda, Giribhid, Bhinnayojini

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Properties'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Astringent (kashaya), Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha), Sharp (tikshna)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify all three dosha (tridoshahara)
|-
|6
|Extra ordinary effect (prabhava)
|Helps in curing renal calculi (ashmarighna)
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(35)
|Mootravirechaniya(diuretics) mahakashaya
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/15
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(Treatment of Over-nutrition, under-nutrition disorder)
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/113
|Used as ingredient of yavagu
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/46
|Used for Vataja Mutrakruchhra(dysuria)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/60
|As an ingredient of Pashanbhedadi churna
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/64
|As an ingredient of Trutyadi yoga
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/69
|As an ingredient of Karpasmooladi yoga
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/90
|As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|}

==Dose==
* 3-6 g of the drug in powder form
* 20-30 g of the drug for decoction<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1:57</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1:57</ref>
* Asmarihara kashaya churna
* Mutravirechaniya kashaya churna

==Current availability ==
Available
India- Himalaya
==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Musta

2025-08-17T15:10:42Z

Dridhabala: /* Varieties */

Cyperus rotundus L

{{Infobox
|title = Musta
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Musta
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cyperus rotundus L
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Cyperaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

--
==Therapeutic uses==
Agnimandya,Ajerna(indigestion), trushna(thirst), Jwara(fever), sangrahani , swasa(dyspnea), kasa(cough), mutrakruccha(dysuria), stanyavikara(breast milk disease), sutikaroga, atisara(diarrhea), amavata(rhematoid arthitis), krumiroga(worms).<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;
Volume 5:55</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhitas==
Musta, Ghana, Mustaka, Gundra, Bhadramusta, Nagaramusta, Krodakaseruka, Vanya, Varidanadakam(musta grows near water resources),
Kuruvinda, Nalad

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu- gundra==
==Varieties==
===Raja Nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, pippalyadi varga 140,143</ref>
# Musta
# Nagaramusta

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Pitta
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
|1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
| Siddhatama churna pradeha
|-
|2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(3)
| Lekhaniya(emaciating) mahakashaya
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(11)
| Truptighna (anti-satiety) mahakashay
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(14)
| Kandughna(anti-pruritic/itching) mahakashay
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(18)
| Stanyashodhana (galacto-purifiers) mahakashay
|-
|6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(29)
|Trishna nigrahana (reducing thirst)mahakashay
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/22
|Dhuma varti dravya(therapeutic inhalation for prevention of disease)
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/64
|2.Anu taila dravya
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 21/22
|Management of obesity
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(Treatment of Over-nutrition disease)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/12
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(Treatment of Over-nutrition disease)
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40
|Agrya Sangraha(collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani(medicines used in therapeutic emesis)
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/32
|Garbha shalya chikitsa
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/16
|Preparations of Trivrut
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/46
|Vyoshadi Modaka
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/52
|preparation of Trivrittadi Modak
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/57
|Sharadkalina Trivrut Yoga
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/61
|Sarvaritu Trivrut Yoga
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/58
|In formulation of dwitiya brahma rasayana
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/145
|When patient is suffering with Pipasa in Jwara as an ingredient of Shadanga paniya.

Used as shruta sheeta jala

Pipasa jwar shantaye
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/197,198
|Used as kwath(decoction) or sheeta kashaya for trushna, deepana, doshapachana, jwar,aruchi and mukhavairasya
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/201,202
|Used as Satat, anyedhyushka and chaturthaka jwara
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/205
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/206
|As an ingredient of Madhookadi kashaya
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/207
|Used in Vibadhdha Dosha (adhered to dhatus)
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/210
|As an ingredient of Bruhtyadi kashaya for Sannipata jwara
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/219
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi Ghrita
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/223
|As an ingredient of Vasadi Ghrita for Jeerna jwara
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/224
|As an ingredient of Baladi Ghrita
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/243
|Used as Kalka in formulation of Patoladi niruhabasti
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/246
|Used as kalka in formulation of Aargvadhadi niruha basti
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/248
|Used as Kalka niruhabasti
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadhya taila
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/343
|Used in Punaravrtaka jwara as an ingredient of Kirattiktadi kwath
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/31
|When patient is suffering with trusha(excessive thirst) as an ingredient of hriberadi paniya
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/45
|In Yavagu Prayoga(Medicated gruels )
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/60
|As a vamana(emesis) dravya
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/71
|As an ingredient of lehya yoga
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/74
|As an ingredient of kiratatiktadi churna
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/78
|Raktapitta-shamaka yoga in ugra raktapitta
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/81
|As an ingredient of Priyangvadi peya
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/119
|Ingredient in Trayamanadya Ghrit for Pittaj Gulma(abdominal lumps)
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/26
|Sarva Prameh nashak yoga
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/27
|Used for making decoction in Kaphaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/30
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/32
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/3
|Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrit in Vata-kaphaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/40
|Ingredient in Phalatrikadi Kvath
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/46
|As Asthapan Basti dravya(enema)
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/65
|Ingredient in Mustadi Churna
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/77
|Ingredient in Kanakabindurisht
|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/91
|Ingredient in Sidhdharthak snan and Lepa

Abhyantar and Bahya-shodhanarth
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/102
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Tail
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/142
|Ingredient in Tiktashatpala Ghrit
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/144
|Ingredient in Mahatikta Ghrit
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/137
|As a Kaval dravya for Mukhashodhanarth
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/46
|Ingredient in Kayasthadi varti
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/48
|Ingredient in Mustadi varti
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/16
|As a diet and drinks in treatment of Kshatakshina(ematiation)
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/23
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/43
|Ingredient in Kshar Gudika
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/65
|For Lepa(external application), Abhyangadi Bahyaprayogarth
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/71
|As a Lepa(external application) dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/159
|In formulation of pipplyadi lavana
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/98
|Kalka of this drug is used for aampachan( with usnodaka)
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/99
|Churna of this drug with combination of vaca,ativisa, etc. is given in aam and shoola yukta mala
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/126
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/129
|As an ingredient of Nagaradhya churna
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/132
|This drug is used in treatment of pittajagrahani as an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya churna
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/138
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/158
|As an ingredient of Mulasava
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/188
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/60
|As an ingredient of Vishaladi Phanta
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/47
|As an ingredient of Katukadhya Ghrita
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/70
|As an ingredient of Navayas Loha
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/73
|As an ingredient of Mandura Vataka
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/94
|As an ingredient of Punarnava Mandura
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/103
|As an ingredient of Mandura Vataka
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/119
|As an ingredient of Vyoshadi Ghrita
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/87
|As an ingredient of Shilajatu Vataka
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/123
|As an ingredient of satyadi churna
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/51
|As an ingredient of dusparsadi leha
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/69
|As an ingredient of manahsiladi dhuma
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/87
|
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/92
|As an ingredient of twakadi leha
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/112
|As an ingredient of katphaladi kwath
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/114
|As an ingredient of pathadi kalka
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/118
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/118
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/120
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/121
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/163
|As an ingredient of kasmaryadi ghrita
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/176
|As an ingredient of jivantyadi leha
|-
|97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/120
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|98
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/20
|As a pramathya dravya
|-
|99
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/22
|As a ama pachak dravya
|-
|100
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/50
|As a pana dravya
|-
|101
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/52
|As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara
|-
|102
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/104
|As a kwath dravya
|-
|103
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/38
|As an ingredient of Kaphaja chhardihara yoga
|-
|104
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/54
|For kashaya pana.
|-
|105
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/88
|For pradeha(external application) prayoga in Kaphaja visarpa
|-
|106
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/130
|Used in granthi visarpa.(acute spreading erysepalas)
|-
|107
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/74
|As an ingredient of Kaliyadi pralepa
|-
|108
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/77
|As an ingredient of Mahagandha hasti agada
|-
|109
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/77
|As an ingredient of Mahagandha hasti agada
|-
|110
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/145
|Used as swarasa where pittaja madatyaya is associated with sarakta kasa, Parshvashoola, Stanashoola, Daaha & Hradayotkleda
|-
|111
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/150
|Used as sheeta kashaya in Trushna
|-
|112
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/166
|Used for doshapachana in kaphaja madatyaya
|-
|113
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/190
|As an ingredient of Tejohvadi churna
|-
|114
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/198
|As an ingredient of Mrudvikadi churna
|-
|115
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/201
|As an ingredient of Katukadi kashaya
|-
|116
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/208
|As an ingredient ofKhadiradi gutika
|-
|117
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/226
|As an ingredient of Kshara taila
|-
|118
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/235
|Used in Kaphaja netra roga
|-
|119
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/239
|Used in Kaphaja netra roga for Aaschotana karma
|-
|120
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/113
|As an ingredient of Mustadi upanaha
|-
|121
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/151
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|122
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/161
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|123
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/51
|Used as Yoosha.
|-
|124
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/136
|Used as Upanaha dravya in Vataja vatarakta
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3-6 gm powder
* 20-30 ml kwatha<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;
Volume 5:55</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;
Volume 5:55</ref>
* Mustakarista
* Mustakadi kwatha
* Ashokarishta
* Mustakadi churna
* Mustakadi lehya
* Dhanyapanchaka kwatha
* Piyusavalli rasa
* Mahalakshadi taila
* Sadangapaniya

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Cyperus%20rotundus

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Palasha

2025-08-17T15:08:49Z

Dridhabala:

Butea monosperma (LAM.) TAUB.

{{Infobox
|title = Palasha
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Palasha
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Butea monosperma (LAM.) TAUB.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Fabaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Bastard peak

==Therapeutic uses==
Arsa(haemorrhoids), Grahani(Diseases of digestion and metabolism), Gulma( intra- abdominal swellings), Vrana(wound), Krumiroga(worms)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2:58</ref>

==Other varieties==
* Butea frondosa Roxb. ex Willd.
* Erythrina monosperma Lam.
* Plaso monosperma (Lam.) Kuntze

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Palasha

==Varieties==
==Raja nighantu==
Mentioned 4 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, karaviradi varga 38,39</ref>
# Rakta palasa
# Pita palasa
# Sweta palasa
# Nila palasa

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[vata]]
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/13 || Asthapana(Herbs used in Therapeutic Enema)
|}

==Dose==
* 5-10 g. of the drug in powder form for decoction<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2:58</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2:58</ref>
* Palasa kshara
* Nyagrodhadi kwath churna
* Mahanarayana taila

== Current availability==

Available
* India- All over india

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Butea%20monosperma

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Nirgundi

2025-08-17T15:06:42Z

Dridhabala:

Vitex negundo L.
{{Infobox
|title = Nirgundi
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Nirgundi
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Vitex negundo L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Verbenaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Five-leaved chaste

==Therapeutic uses==
Sula, Sopha, Vatavyadhi, Amavata,Kustha,Kandu, Kasa,Pradara. Adhmana,Pliha roga,Gulma,Aruchi, Krumi, Vrana,Karnasula,Sutika,Jwara.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:64</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Samhalu, Shefali, Nilapishpi, Suvaha, Sindhuvarika, Harenu (Nirgundi beeja)

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Swetapushpa, sinduka<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Guduchyadi Varga, Verse no. 113, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>

==Varieties==
===Bhavprakasa nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Guduchyadi Varga, Verse no. 113, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>
# Swetapuspapuspa nirgundi
# Nilapuspa nirgundi

===Raja nighantu===
Mentioned 3 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2016, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi , shatavhadi varga 152,154,156</ref>
# Sinduvara
# Nila nirgundi
# sephali

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Properties'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Vata and Kapha
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
|Siddhatama churna pradeha(external application)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(15)
|Krimighna mahakashaya (anti-helmintics)
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/20
|Dhuma varti dravya
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/21
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/28
|Shamidhanya Varga(The class of pulses)
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani( medicines used in therapeutic emesis)
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/56
|Kshira vishodhan dravya
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/47
|In Yavagu prayoga.(Medicated gruels)
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/84
|Ingredient in Lepa
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/165
|As an ingredient of Madhavarista
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/56
|As an ingredient of Mrita sanjivani agada
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/79
|As an ingredient of Maha – Gandha hasti agada
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/195
|Used in the treatment of Darvikara sarpa damsha(snake bite)
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/200
|Used in the treatment of Luta visha(spider poison)
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/134
|As an ingredient of Nirgundi taila
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/271
|Used in the treatment of Vaivarnya stanya dosha(vitiated breast milk), As an ingredient of Jivakadya lepa
|}

==Dose==
* 10-20 ml swarasa<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:64</ref>
==Useful part==
* Leaf<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:64</ref>
==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3:64</ref>
* Vatagajankusa rasa
* Mahavata vidhvansana rasa
* Yakrutapliha loha
* Dasamula taila
* Trivikrama rasa
* Nirgundi taila
* Tribhuvankirti rasa
* Visatinduka taila

==Current availability ==
Available
==Current researches ==

https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Vitex%20negundo

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development .

Talk:Nimba

2025-08-17T15:03:52Z

Dridhabala:

Azadirachta indica A. Juss

{{Infobox
|title = Nimba
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Nimba
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Azadirachta indica A. Juss
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Meliaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Margosa tree

==Therapeutic uses==
Daha(burning), jwara(fever) , Krumiroga(worms), Kandu(itching), Kustha(skin disease), Prameha(diabetes), Rakta pitta(bleeding disorder), Vrana(wound)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Nimba, Pichumarda(Nimba is very efficacious drug when it come to skin disease ), Arishta(it cures many disease, does good always if use.), Tiktaka(best drug having tikta rasa), Paribhadra(does good always if use), Hinguniryasa(the exudate from nimba resemble hingu niryasa.)

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Pichumanda<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 53, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>

==Varieties==
# Nimba
# Mahanimba
# Parvata nimba
# Akasa nimba

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[pitta]]
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/7 || [[Vamana]] (Therapeutic emesis)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3 || Siddhatamachurnapradeha(Local application)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(14) || Kandughnamahakashaya(anti-pruritic/itching)
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapanamahakashaya(restoring consciousness)
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapanamahakashaya(restoring consciousness)
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10
| Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(Over-nutrition disorders)
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/12
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(Over-nutrition disorders)
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/97
|Shaka Varga (Class of vegetables)
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyaniList of medicines used in therapeutic emesis
)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|12
|Ch.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/32
|Garbha shalya chikitsa
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/22
|Vamanartha
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/201
|Used as kwatha in Anydhyushka jwara
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/204
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/224
|Used in formulation of Baladi Ghrita
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/241
|Used in niruha basti
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/252
|As an ingredient of Patoladi anuvasana basti
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadhya taila
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/307
|Used as Dhoopana dravya for Vishama jwara
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/38
|As pathya ahara
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/115
|Ingredient of Rohinyadya Ghrit for Pittaj Gulma
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/30
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj Prameh
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/31
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj Prameh
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/38
|Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrit in Vata-kaphaj prameh
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/43
|As Vaman dravya
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/46
|As Asthapan Basti dravya
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/47
|As Anuvasan Basti dravya
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/57
|For Scrapping
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/65
|Ingredient in Mustadi Churna
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/68
|Ingredient in Triphaladi Churna
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/82
|Pathya diet in Kushth
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/97
|Ingredient in Kushthaghna Yoga
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/100
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaj Kushth
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/101
|Kwath prayog in Kapha-Pittaj Kushth
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/103
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/112
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/129
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth, Pana, Snana
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/131
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogath in Pittaj Kushth
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/135
|For Rakta and pitta Shamana
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/136
|Ingredient in Vata-Pitta nashak Ghrita
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/140
|Ingredient in Tiktashatpala Ghrita
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/144
|Ingredient in Mahatikta Ghrita
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/152
|Ingredient in Mahakhadir Ghrita
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/157
|Snan, Pana and Pradeh in Galit-Kushth
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/158
|Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth, Pana, Snan, Lepa
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/33
|Ingredient in oil preparation for Bahyaprayogarth
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/63
|As a Pathya Diet In treatment of Shvayathu
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/72
|As an Unmardan dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186
|Used for raktastambhana
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/214
|Used for parisechana in rakta arsha
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/220
|Used for pratisarana in rakta arsha
|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/126
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/138
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/181
|As an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya Kshara
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/46
|As an ingredient of Katukadi Ghrita
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/53
|Used in Haridradi Ghrita
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/63
|Formulation which use in treatment of pandu
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/87
|As an ingredient of Shilajatu vataka
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/97
|Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/34
|For vamana(emesis) in Kaphaja chhardi
|-
|63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/35
|As a pathya ahara(wholesome diet) in kaphaja chhardi
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/51
|For Vamana karma.
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/54
|For Kashaya (decoction) pana
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/52
|For Vamana (emesis) karma
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/59
|For Kashaya (decoction)pana
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/97
|As a prakshalana prayoga for vrana – ropana
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/51
|For Agada pana in 8th vega of visha
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/69
|For Anjana prayoga, if obstruction is there in eye
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/79
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/202
|As an ingredient of Madhukadi yoga
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/243
|As an ingredient of Amruta ghrita
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/160
|Used as lepa in Madhyajanita daha
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/84
|Used as vranashodhaka kashaya
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/85
|Used as vranashodhaka lepa
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/90
|As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/90
|As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/239
|Used for aaschotana in Kaphaja netraroga
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/27
|As Pathya in Urustambha(Diseases of thigh and hip)
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/52
|As an ingredient of Tarkaryadi Parisechana
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/50
|As an ingredient of Utsadana Yoga
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/148
|Apply lepa for Kaphaja Vatarakta
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/74
|As an ingredient of Udumbaradi taila
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/82
|For yoni prakshalana
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/99
|Used in the treatment of Kaphaja pradara
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/253
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk), for vamana
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/279
|Used in the treatment of Gaurava stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk)
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 2-4 g. of the drug in powder form.
* Decoction should be used externally.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>

==Useful part==
* Stem bark<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>

==IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5:55</ref>
* Sudarsana churna
* Nimbadi kwath
* Nimbadi churna
* Panchanimba churna
* Panchatikta ghrut guggulu
* Pathyadi kwath churna

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Azadirachta%20indica

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Nagakesara

2025-08-17T15:00:40Z

Dridhabala:

Mesua ferrea L.
{{Infobox
|title = Nagakesara
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Nagakesara
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Mesua ferrea L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Clusiaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label6 = Publisher
|data6 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label7 = DOI
|data7 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Cobra saffron, Iron wood tree

==Therapeutic uses==
Raktapitta, Vatarakta, sophahara,bastiroga.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;Volume 2 :53</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Nagakesara, Kesara

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Nagapuspa(petals of nagakesara resembles hood of cobra), naga, champeya(stamens have yellow colour like that of champaka- michelia champaca flower), nagakinjalaka, kanchanahvaya(stems of nagkesara is yellow in colour)<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020,
Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, karpuradi varga, verse no.-69</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) ||Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot(Ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) ||Pungent (Katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])||Rough(Ruksha),Light(Laghu)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) ||Urdhvajatrugatarogahara,varnya,Kaphahara
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/32|| Preparations of Trivrit Awaleha(Preparation of Trivrita in the form of linctus )
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75 || Virechana Prayoga
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 1-3 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;Volume 2 :53</ref>

==Important Formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;Volume 2 :53</ref>
* Chandanabalalakshadi tail
* Kumaryasava
* Nagakesharadi churna

== Current availability==

Available
India- Bengal , Assam

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Mesua%20ferrea

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Musta

2025-08-17T14:58:08Z

Dridhabala:

Cyperus rotundus L

{{Infobox
|title = Musta
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Musta
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cyperus rotundus L
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Cyperaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

--
==Therapeutic uses==
Agnimandya,Ajerna(indigestion), trushna(thirst), Jwara(fever), sangrahani , swasa(dyspnea), kasa(cough), mutrakruccha(dysuria), stanyavikara(breast milk disease), sutikaroga, atisara(diarrhea), amavata(rhematoid arthitis), krumiroga(worms).<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;
Volume 5:55</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhitas==
Musta, Ghana, Mustaka, Gundra, Bhadramusta, Nagaramusta, Krodakaseruka, Vanya, Varidanadakam(musta grows near water resources),
Kuruvinda, Nalad

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu- gundra==
==Varieties==
# Musta
# Nagaramusta

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Pitta
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
|1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
| Siddhatama churna pradeha
|-
|2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(3)
| Lekhaniya(emaciating) mahakashaya
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(11)
| Truptighna (anti-satiety) mahakashay
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(14)
| Kandughna(anti-pruritic/itching) mahakashay
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(18)
| Stanyashodhana (galacto-purifiers) mahakashay
|-
|6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(29)
|Trishna nigrahana (reducing thirst)mahakashay
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/22
|Dhuma varti dravya(therapeutic inhalation for prevention of disease)
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/64
|2.Anu taila dravya
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 21/22
|Management of obesity
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(Treatment of Over-nutrition disease)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/12
|Santarpanajanya vikar chikitsa(Treatment of Over-nutrition disease)
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40
|Agrya Sangraha(collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani(medicines used in therapeutic emesis)
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/32
|Garbha shalya chikitsa
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/16
|Preparations of Trivrut
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/46
|Vyoshadi Modaka
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/52
|preparation of Trivrittadi Modak
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/57
|Sharadkalina Trivrut Yoga
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/61
|Sarvaritu Trivrut Yoga
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/58
|In formulation of dwitiya brahma rasayana
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/145
|When patient is suffering with Pipasa in Jwara as an ingredient of Shadanga paniya.

Used as shruta sheeta jala

Pipasa jwar shantaye
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/197,198
|Used as kwath(decoction) or sheeta kashaya for trushna, deepana, doshapachana, jwar,aruchi and mukhavairasya
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/201,202
|Used as Satat, anyedhyushka and chaturthaka jwara
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/205
|As an ingredient of Vatsakadi kashaya
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/206
|As an ingredient of Madhookadi kashaya
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/207
|Used in Vibadhdha Dosha (adhered to dhatus)
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/210
|As an ingredient of Bruhtyadi kashaya for Sannipata jwara
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/219
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi Ghrita
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/223
|As an ingredient of Vasadi Ghrita for Jeerna jwara
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/224
|As an ingredient of Baladi Ghrita
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/243
|Used as Kalka in formulation of Patoladi niruhabasti
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/246
|Used as kalka in formulation of Aargvadhadi niruha basti
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/248
|Used as Kalka niruhabasti
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/258
|As an ingredient of Chandanadhya taila
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/343
|Used in Punaravrtaka jwara as an ingredient of Kirattiktadi kwath
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/31
|When patient is suffering with trusha(excessive thirst) as an ingredient of hriberadi paniya
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/45
|In Yavagu Prayoga(Medicated gruels )
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/60
|As a vamana(emesis) dravya
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/71
|As an ingredient of lehya yoga
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/74
|As an ingredient of kiratatiktadi churna
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/78
|Raktapitta-shamaka yoga in ugra raktapitta
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/81
|As an ingredient of Priyangvadi peya
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/119
|Ingredient in Trayamanadya Ghrit for Pittaj Gulma(abdominal lumps)
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/26
|Sarva Prameh nashak yoga
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/27
|Used for making decoction in Kaphaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/30
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/32
|Used for making decoction in Pittaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/3
|Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrit in Vata-kaphaj prameha(Urinary Diseases including diabetes)
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/40
|Ingredient in Phalatrikadi Kvath
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/46
|As Asthapan Basti dravya(enema)
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/65
|Ingredient in Mustadi Churna
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/77
|Ingredient in Kanakabindurisht
|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/91
|Ingredient in Sidhdharthak snan and Lepa

Abhyantar and Bahya-shodhanarth
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/102
|Bahyaprayogarth tail in Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Tail
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/142
|Ingredient in Tiktashatpala Ghrit
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/144
|Ingredient in Mahatikta Ghrit
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/137
|As a Kaval dravya for Mukhashodhanarth
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/46
|Ingredient in Kayasthadi varti
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/48
|Ingredient in Mustadi varti
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/16
|As a diet and drinks in treatment of Kshatakshina(ematiation)
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/23
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/43
|Ingredient in Kshar Gudika
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/65
|For Lepa(external application), Abhyangadi Bahyaprayogarth
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/71
|As a Lepa(external application) dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/159
|In formulation of pipplyadi lavana
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/98
|Kalka of this drug is used for aampachan( with usnodaka)
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/99
|Churna of this drug with combination of vaca,ativisa, etc. is given in aam and shoola yukta mala
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/126
|As an ingredient of candanadhya ghrita
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/129
|As an ingredient of Nagaradhya churna
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/132
|This drug is used in treatment of pittajagrahani as an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya churna
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/138
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/158
|As an ingredient of Mulasava
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/188
|Used in preparation of Pancham Kshara
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/60
|As an ingredient of Vishaladi Phanta
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/47
|As an ingredient of Katukadhya Ghrita
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/70
|As an ingredient of Navayas Loha
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/73
|As an ingredient of Mandura Vataka
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/94
|As an ingredient of Punarnava Mandura
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/103
|As an ingredient of Mandura Vataka
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/119
|As an ingredient of Vyoshadi Ghrita
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/87
|As an ingredient of Shilajatu Vataka
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/123
|As an ingredient of satyadi churna
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/51
|As an ingredient of dusparsadi leha
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/69
|As an ingredient of manahsiladi dhuma
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/87
|
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/92
|As an ingredient of twakadi leha
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/112
|As an ingredient of katphaladi kwath
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/114
|As an ingredient of pathadi kalka
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/118
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/118
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/120
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/121
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/163
|As an ingredient of kasmaryadi ghrita
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/176
|As an ingredient of jivantyadi leha
|-
|97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/120
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|98
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/20
|As a pramathya dravya
|-
|99
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/22
|As a ama pachak dravya
|-
|100
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/50
|As a pana dravya
|-
|101
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/52
|As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara
|-
|102
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/104
|As a kwath dravya
|-
|103
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/38
|As an ingredient of Kaphaja chhardihara yoga
|-
|104
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/54
|For kashaya pana.
|-
|105
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/88
|For pradeha(external application) prayoga in Kaphaja visarpa
|-
|106
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/130
|Used in granthi visarpa.(acute spreading erysepalas)
|-
|107
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/74
|As an ingredient of Kaliyadi pralepa
|-
|108
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/77
|As an ingredient of Mahagandha hasti agada
|-
|109
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/77
|As an ingredient of Mahagandha hasti agada
|-
|110
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/145
|Used as swarasa where pittaja madatyaya is associated with sarakta kasa, Parshvashoola, Stanashoola, Daaha & Hradayotkleda
|-
|111
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/150
|Used as sheeta kashaya in Trushna
|-
|112
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/166
|Used for doshapachana in kaphaja madatyaya
|-
|113
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/190
|As an ingredient of Tejohvadi churna
|-
|114
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/198
|As an ingredient of Mrudvikadi churna
|-
|115
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/201
|As an ingredient of Katukadi kashaya
|-
|116
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/208
|As an ingredient ofKhadiradi gutika
|-
|117
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/226
|As an ingredient of Kshara taila
|-
|118
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/235
|Used in Kaphaja netra roga
|-
|119
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/239
|Used in Kaphaja netra roga for Aaschotana karma
|-
|120
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/113
|As an ingredient of Mustadi upanaha
|-
|121
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/151
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|122
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/161
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|-
|123
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/51
|Used as Yoosha.
|-
|124
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/136
|Used as Upanaha dravya in Vataja vatarakta
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3-6 gm powder
* 20-30 ml kwatha<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;
Volume 5:55</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986;
Volume 5:55</ref>
* Mustakarista
* Mustakadi kwatha
* Ashokarishta
* Mustakadi churna
* Mustakadi lehya
* Dhanyapanchaka kwatha
* Piyusavalli rasa
* Mahalakshadi taila
* Sadangapaniya

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Cyperus%20rotundus

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Meshashringi

2025-08-17T12:49:14Z

Dridhabala:

Gymnemasylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm.
{{Infobox
|title = Meshashringi
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Meshashringi
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Gymnemasylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Asclepiadaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Periploca of the wood

==Therapeutic uses==
Sula(pain),Sopha(oedema),Arsa(haemorrhoids),Swasa(dyspnea),Hrudaroga(heartdisease),Kasa(cough),krumi,kustha,netraroga,prameha(diabetes ), vrana(wound),dantakrumi<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5 :51</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Meshashringi

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Vishani, Meshavalli,Ajashringi

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) ||Tikta,Kashaya
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Ushna
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) ||Katu
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])||Laghu, Ruksha
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) ||Chaksushya,Dipana,Kaphahara,Visaghna,Sramasana
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 9/7 || Tilvaka Yoga
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3-6 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5 :51</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 5 :51</ref>
* Mahavisagarbha taila
* Ayaskruti
* Nyagrodhadi churna
* Mrutasanjivani sura

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Gymnema%20sylvestre

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Maricha

2025-08-17T12:38:13Z

Dridhabala:

Piper nigrum L.

{{Infobox
|title = Maricha
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Maricha
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Piper nigrum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Piperaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Black Pepper

==Therapeutic uses==
Swasa, sula, krumiroga, tavakaroga<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :53</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Maricha, Vellaja(plant is climber), Krushna(fruits are black in colour), Ushana(causing burning sensation), Suvruta, Katu(pungent taste), Dharmapatana(maricha is stored in ports as an item to export to different countries)

==Varieties==
===Raja Nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types of varieties<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, pippalyadi varga verse no- 32,34</ref>
# Maricha
# Sweta maricha

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties (Dry)!! Properties (Wet)
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu) || --
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)|| Not too hot (naatyushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu) || Sweet (madhura)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Sharp (tikshna) || Heavy (guru)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[vata]] and [[kapha]]|| --
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/3 || Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/23 || Krimighniyavagu (Gruel for krimi (worm infestation)
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(6) || Deepaniya (Appetisers)mahakashaya
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(15) || Krimighna (anti-helmintics)mahakashaya
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(27) || Shirovirechanopag ( helping nasal errhine therapy)mahakashaya
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(45) || Shoolaprashaman (anti-spasmodics)mahakashaya
|-
| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/298
| Krutanna Varga
|-
| 8 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/142
| Katuskandha (group of pungent drugs)
|-
| 9 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/15 || Preparations of Trivruta
|-
| 10 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/25 || Preparations of Trivrut Awaleha
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/40
|Preparation of Kalyanaka Guda
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 12/23
|Churna Yoga
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/30
|Ingredient in Bruhaniya Gutika
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/2/24
|Ingredient in Vrushya Dadhisar
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/11
|Ingredient in Vrushya mamsa Gutika
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/21
|Ingredient in Vrushya Pupalika
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/30
|Ingredient in Bruhaniya Gutika
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/2/24
|Ingredient in Vrushya Dadhisar
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/11
|Ingredient in Vrushya mamsa Gutika
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/21
|Ingredient in Vrushya Pupalika
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/65
|Ingredient in Trayushanaadi ghrita
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/71
|Ingredient of Hapushadya ghrita
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/79
|Ingredient of Hingvadi churna
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/142
|Ingredient of Dashamuli Ghrita
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/42
|Ingredient in Madhvasav
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/48
|As Nashya in Kushth
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/61
|Ingredient in Kushthaghna Yoga
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/65
|Ingredient in Mustadi Churna
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/74
|Ingredient in Madhvasav
|-
|31
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/77
|Ingredient in Kanakabindurisht
|-
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/87
|Bahyaprayogarth lepa in Kushth (external application)
|-
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/109
|Ingredient in Tiktekshvadi Taila

For Abhyang in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|35
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/117
|Ingredient in Sidhma Lepa
|-
|36
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/142
|Ingredient in Yavani shadav
|-
|37
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/145
|Ingredient in Talishadi Churna
|-
|38
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/34
|Ingredient in Hingvadi Ghrita
|-
|39
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/49
|Ingredient in Lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|40
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/54
|Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/65
|Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
|-
|42
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/67
|Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
|-
|43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/68
|Ingredient in Siddharthakadi Agad
|-
|44
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/70
|Ingredient in Siddharthakadi Agad
|-
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/20
|Ingredient in Mahapanchagavya Ghrita
|-
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/43
|As a Nasya dravya(nasal errhines)
|-
|47
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/46
|Ingredient in Kayasthadi varti
|-
|48
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/48
|Ingredient in Mustadi varti
|-
|49
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/40
|Ingredient in Amrutprash Ghrita
|-
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/67
|Ingredient in Chaturtha Sarpigud
|-
|51
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/74
|Ingredient in Pancham Sarpimodak
|-
|52
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/86
|Ingredient in Saindhavadi Churna
|-
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/21
|In treatment of Kaphaj Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/24
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/25
|In treatment of Vataj Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/27
|For bhinna varch in treatment of Vataj Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|57
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/29
|Ingredient in Gandiradhyarisht
|-
|58
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/32
|Ingredient in Ashtashatorisht
|-
|59
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/36
|Ingredient in Punarnavadhyarisht
|-
|60
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/42
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/43
|Ingredient in Kshar Gudika
|-
|62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/50
|Ingredient in Kansaharitaki Avaleh
|-
|63
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55
|Ingredient in Chitrakadi Ghrita
|-
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/62
|As a Pathya Diet In treatment of Shvayathu(oedema)
|-
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/102
|In treatment of sannipata udararoga(Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/103
|In treatment of kaphodara(takraprayoga)(Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|67
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/105
|In treatment of dakodara(takraprayoga)
|-
|68
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/122
|After virechana (balavruddhi arthe) mixed with dugdha
|-
|69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/126
|As an ingredient of narayan churna
|-
|70
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/137
|As an ingredient of nilinadya churna
|-
|71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/148
|Kalka used in udara roga with ksheer
|-
|72
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/62
|As an ingredient of traushnadi churna
|-
|73
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/92
|Used in yavagu
|-
|74
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/107
|As an ingredient of cavyadighrit
|-
|75
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/138
|As an ingredient of abhayarista
|-
|76
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/158
|As an ingredient of kanakarista
|-
|77
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/87
|As an ingredient of traushnaadi ghrita
|-
|78
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/88
|As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
|-
|79
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/96
|As an ingredient of citrakadhya gutika
|-
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/102
|In condition of chhardi,arsha,granthi,shoola(vomiting, analpolyp with pellet stool, pain in abdomen)
|-
|81
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/105
|Marica should be given with ajaji,haritaki etc
|-
|82
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/108
|Used in kaphapittaja grahani
|-
|83
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/112
|As an ingredient of maricadhya churna
|-
|84
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/120
|Used as ingredient of yavagu
|-
|85
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/132
|As an ingredient of takrarista
|-
|86
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/137
|This drug is used in treatment of pittajagrahani as an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya churna
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/164
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|-
|88
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/168
|As an ingredient of Madhvarista
|-
|89
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/177
|Used in treatment of Kaphaja grahani
|-
|90
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/189
|As an ingredient of Bhallataka Kshara
|-
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/129
|Used as Pathya in Shakhashrit Kamla(kamala in body tissue with obstructive pathology)
|-
|92
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/97, 17/98, 17/100
|Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
|-
|93
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/104
|Used as annapana for hikka svasa
|-
|94
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/110
|Kalka is used in hikka svasa
|-
|95
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/71
|As an ingredient of praproundarika dhuma
|-
|96
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/73
|As an ingredient of dhumapan yoga
|-
|97
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/104
|As a yoga dravya.
|-
|98
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/180
|As a leha dravya.
|-
|99
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/107
|As an ingredient of ajajyadi churna
|-
|100
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/111
|As a yoga dravya
|-
|101
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/35
|As a pathya ahara in kaphaja chhardi
|-
|102
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/39
|As an ingredient of Manahshiladi yoga
|-
|103
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/50

|For sangya -sthapana in 6th vega of visha
|-
|104
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/183
|Used in netra - gata visha, as a anjana prayoga
|-
|105
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/193
|As an ingredient of Sindhuvaradi yoga
|-
|106
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/127
|Used in vataja madatyaya(Intoxication) with Dadima swarasa
|-
|107
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/128
|Used as swarasa in Vataja madatyaya(Intoxication)
|-
|108
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/172
|As an ingredient of Vyosha yusha
|-
|109
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/177
|As an ingredient of Ashtanga lavana (Kaphaja madatyaya)
|-
|110
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/181
|Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya (madatyaya)
|-
|111
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/183
|Used in pachana(digestant)
|-
|112
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/13
|Used to make Udavarta varti
|-
|113
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/55
|As an ingredient of Vyoshadi churn used in Kaphaja mutrakruchhra(dysuria)
|-
|114
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/60
|As an ingredient of Pashanbhedadi churna
|-
|115
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/87
|As an ingredient of Trushanadi Ghrita
|-
|116
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/98
|As an ingredient of Udumbaravleha
|-
|117
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/138
|Used in vataja pratishyaya
|-
|118
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/150
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya
|-
|119
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/152
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya for pradhamana
|-
|120
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/156
|Pathya anna in kaphaja pratishyaya
|-
|121
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/186
|Used in Kaphaja Siroroga for Avapeeda nasya
|-
|122
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/192
|As an ingredient of Kshara gutika
|-
|123
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/194
|As an ingredient of Kalak churna
|-
|124
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/198
|As an ingredient of Mrudvikadi churna
|-
|125
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/216,217
|Used in Kavala in Arochaka
|-
|126
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/219
|Used in arochaka nashaka vati
|-
|127
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/242
|As an ingredient of Saindhavadi churna
|-
|128
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/247
|As an ingredient of Churnanjana
|-
|129
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/252
|As an ingredient of Sukhavati varti
|-
|130
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/261
|As an ingredient of Dhatryadi rasakriya
|-
|131
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/287
|Used in Kaphaja swarbheda
|-
|132
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/152
|As an ingredient of Triphaladi kalka in tridoshaja shola
|-
|133
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/72
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi varti
|-
|134
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/92
|As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 250 mg – 1 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :53</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :53</ref>
* Marichadi gutika
* Marichadi taila
* Trikatu churna

== Current availability==

Available
India – western coast of india

== Current researches ==

https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Piper%20nigrum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Mandukaparni

2025-08-17T12:20:39Z

Dridhabala:

Hydrocotyle asiatica L.
{{Infobox
|title =Mandukaparni
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Mandukaparni
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 =Hydrocotyle asiatica L.
|label3 = Contributors
|data3 = --
|label4 = Year of publication
|data4 = 2025
|label5 = Publisher
|data5 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label6 = DOI
|data6 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
--

==Therepeutic uses==
Sotha(oedema), Aruchi(anorexia),Jwara(fever), Kasa(cough),kandu(itching),kustha(skin disease), raktapitta(bleeding disorder), meha,swasa(dyspnea),pandu(anemia),raktadosha<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4:29</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Somavalli, Divya(mandukaparni is appreciated by all owing to its extraordinary qualities), Mahoushadhi(it is one among best medicinal plant)

==Synonyms in bhavaprakasa nighantu==
Manduki(mandukaparni has got runner and growth pattern resemble how frog jumps), tvaastri(mandukaparni is believed to be an abode of goddess laxmi.)<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 160, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>

==Other varieties==
* Centella asiatica
* Trisanthus cochinchinensis

{| class="wikitable"

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Properties
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Cold (sheeta)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Sweet (madhura)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Pitta, Brain tonic (medhya)
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(50)
|Vayasthapan (anti-ageing) mahakashaya
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/95
|In Shaka varga (Class of vegetable)
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tikta skandha (group of bitter drugs)
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/41
|As an ingredient for Procedure to remove placenta post-delivery
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/58
|In formulation of dwitiya brahma rasayana
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/3/30
|Ekala rasayan dravya
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/92
|As a Vardhaman Rasayan Prayoga
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/181
|In treatment of Sannipatodara (After visha prayoga)
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/225
|As a pathya ahara
|}

==Dose==
* 3-6 gm<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4:29</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4:29</ref>
* Brahma rasayana

==Current availability ==
Available
India – all india mostly in moist region

==Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Centella%20asiatica

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Lodhra

2025-08-17T12:18:18Z

Dridhabala:

Symplocos racemosa Roxb.
{{Infobox
|title = Lodhra
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Lodhra
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Symplocos racemosa Roxb
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Symplocaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Symplocos tree/ Lodh tree

==Therapeutic uses==
Sotha(oedema), atisara(diarrhoea), netraroga(eye disease),raktapitta(bleeding disorder), pradara<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 01:53.</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Tilvaka(it produces smoothness to the organs of the body), Brihatpatra, Tiritaka, Lodhra, Tirita(cure many disease), Shavara, Galava, Malav, Shavar lodhra, Savaraka, Sthulavalkala, Shabara

==Synonyms in bhavaprakasa nighantu==
Kramuka, sthulavalkal , jirna patra, bruhatpatra<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-215</ref>

==Varieties==
===Bhavaprakasa nighantu ===
Mentioned 2 types
# Lodhra
# Pattika lodhra
===Dhanvantari nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Pro. Dr. zarkhande oza , dr.umapati Mishra , dhanvanatari Nighantu. Edition 2016, Chaukhambha surbharti prakasana, chandanadi varga verse no. 156,158</ref>
# Lodhra
# Kramuka

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Astringent (kashaya), Bitter (tikta)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Cold (sheeta)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[Guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Pitta
|-
| 6 || Extra ordinary effect ([[prabhava]]) || Grahi
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1
| Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/116
| Shodhana (Twak) vriksha(Virechana)
|-
| 2
| Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/5
| Churna pradeha
|-
| 3
| Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(5)
| Sandhaniya mahakashaya(promoting union/binding)
|-
| 4
| Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(46)
| Shonitasthapana mahakashaya(hemostatics)
|-
| 5
| Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(31)
| Purishsangrahaniya mahakashaya(faecal astringents)
|-
| 6
| Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/22
| Dhuma varti dravya
|-
| 7
| Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/144
| Kashaya-skandha(group of astringent drugs)
|-
| 8
| Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/44
| Naadi kalpana
|-
| 9
| Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/50
| Balak paricharya
|-
| 10
| Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/6
| Shodhanartha
|-
| 11
| Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 9/3
| Lodhra Synonyms
|-
| 12
| Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 12/35
| Yoga
|-
| 13
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/267
| As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila
|-
| 14
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/45
| In Yavagu prayoga
|-
| 15
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/66
| As a Raktapitta nashaka kwath dravya
|-
| 16
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/67
| Used along with Atarushakadi kwath
|-
| 17
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/73
| As an ingredient of Ushiradi churna
|-
| 18
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/81
| As an ingredient of Priyangvadi peya
|-
| 19
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/89
| As a ghrita prayoga
|-
| 20
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/99
| Used in Nasagata raktapitta.(bleeding disorder)
|-
| 21
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/104
| Used as Pradeha-Parisechana-Avagaha dravya
|-
| 22
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/27
| Used for making decoction in Kaphaj prameha(diabetes)
|-
| 23
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/30
| Used for making decoction in Pittaj prameha(diabetes)
|-
| 24
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/31
| Used for making decoction in Pittaj prameha(diabetes)
|-
| 25
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/38
| Trikantakadhya Tail/Ghrita in Vata-kaphaj prameha(diabetes)
|-
| 26
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/41
| Ingredient in Madhvasava
|-
| 27
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/93
| Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Kushth(skin disease)
|-
| 28
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/95
| Bahyaprayogarth Lepa in Kushth (skin disease)
|-
| 29
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/129
| Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogarth ,Pana, Snana
|-
| 30
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/131
| Abhyantar and Bahyaprayogath in Pittaj Kushth(skin disease)
|-
| 31
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/139
| As an ingredient of abhayarista
|-
| 32
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/159
| As an ingredient of kanakarista
|-
| 33
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/193
| Used in rakta arsha(hemorrhoids)
|-
| 34
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/197
| Used in rakta arsha(hemorrhoids)
|-
| 35
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/230
| As an ingredient of hriberadi ghrita
|-
| 36
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/79
| Used for virechana in vataja grahani
|-
| 37
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/158
| As an ingredient of Mulasava
|-
| 38
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/105
| As an ingredient of Gaud Arishta
|-
| 39
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/53
| As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara(diarrhoea)
|-
| 40
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/90
| As a pratisarana dravya
|-
| 41
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/109
| As a yoga dravya
|-
| 42
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/55
| For kashaya pana
|-
| 43
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/57
| For kashaya pana
|-
| 44
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/76
| As an ingredient of Sarivadi pralepa(external application)
|-
| 45
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/77
| As an ingredient of Naladadi pralepa(external application)
|-
| 46
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/97
| Avachurnana prayoga for vrana-ropana(healing of wound)
|-
| 47
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/36
| For lepa prayoga.(external application)
|-
| 48
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/43
| Management of pitta dominant trishna
|-
| 49
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/55
| As an ingredient of Mrita sanjivani agada
|-
| 50
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/57
| As an ingredient of Mrita sanjivani agada
|-
| 51
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/246
| As an ingredient of Amruta ghrita
|-
| 52
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/159
| Used as lepa in Madhyajanita daha.(burning due to alcoholism)
|-
| 53
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/66
| Used for avchurnana
|-
| 54
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/90
| As an ingredient of Kampillakadi taila
|-
| 55
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/110
| Used for vrana shaithilya, saukumarya & prasadana
|-
| 56
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 25/113
| Used for tvak janana
|-
| 57
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/101
| Used in Hrudshoola.(cardiac pain)
|-
| 58
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/191
| As an ingredient of Tejohvadi churna
|-
| 59
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/195
| As an ingredient of Kalak churna
|-
| 60
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/206
| As an ingredient of Khadiradi gutika
|-
| 61
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/217
| Used for Kavala in Arochaka(anorexia)
|-
| 62
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/233
| Used for Vidalaka in Vataja netraroga(eye disease)
|-
| 63
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/270
| As an ingredient of Mahaneela Ghrita
|-
| 64
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 27/30
| As an ingredient of Urustambha nashak Yoga
|-
| 65
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/84
| Tilvaka siddha ghrita is used in vata vyadhi, when other doshas are also involved
|-
| 66
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 29/111
| As an ingredient of Mahapadma taila
|-
| 67
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/79
| As an ingredient of Dhatakyadi taila
|-
| 68
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/91
| As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna
|-
| 69
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/98
| Used in the treatment of Pittaja pradara
|-
| 70
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/118
| Used in the treatment of Sveta pradara
|-
| 71
| Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/119
| Used in the treatment of Sveta pradara
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3-5 gm of drug in powder form
* 20-30 gm of drug in decoction<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 01:53.</ref>

==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 01:53.</ref>
* Lodhrasava
* Pushyanuga churna
* Bruhata gangadhara churna

== Current availability==

Available

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Symplocos%20racemosa

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development

Talk:Lashuna

2025-08-17T12:13:34Z

Dridhabala:

Allium sativum L.

{{Infobox
|title = Lashuna
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Lashuna
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Allium sativum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Liliaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Garlic

==Therapeutic uses==
Jirna jwara(chronic fever), Krumiroga(worms), gulma(abdominal lumps), kushtha(skin disease),Arsha(haemorrhoids),Kasa(cough),Swasa(breathlessness), pinasa(running nose), sula(pain), karnasoola(earache), vatavyadhi, hikka,medoroga, yoni vyapada(diseases of vagina),visuchika,plihavruddhi(spleenomegaly),kshaya, vishamajwara,unmada,apasmara, sopha(swelling),hrudaroga(heart disease), vrana(wound)trikashool<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :50</ref>

==Other varieties==
* Allium arenarium Sadler ex Rchb. 1830 not L. 1753
* Allium controversum Schrad. ex Wild.
* Allium longicuspis Regel
* Allium ophioscorodon Link
* Allium pekinense Prokh.
* Porrum ophioscorodon (Link) Rchb.
* Porrum sativum (L.) Rchb. 1830 not (L.) Mill. 1768

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Lashuna, Rasona, Ugragandha, Arishta

==Synonyms in bhavaprakash nighantu==
Mahaushadha(because it use in many disease), Mlecchakanda(liked by mlecha as it is used to prepared dishes), Yavaneshta(liked by foreigners)<ref> Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-217</ref>

==Types==
===Dhanvantari nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Pro. Dr. zarkhande oza , dr.umapati Mishra , dhanvanatari Nighantu. Edition 2016, Chaukhambha surbharti prakasana,karaviradi varga verse no. 62,63</ref>
# Rasona
# Mahakanda
===Raja nighantu===
Mentioned 4 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, mulakadi varga verse no- 50,51,53,54</ref>
# Rasona
# Sweta rasona
# Grunjana
# Rakta rasona

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta), Sweet (madhura), Lavana (salt), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Unctuous (snigdha), Sharp (tikshna), Sliminess (picchila), Heavy (guru), Mobility (sara),
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[vata]], increases [[pitta]]
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/5 || Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/4 || Siddhatamachurnapradeha(external application)
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/176
|Harita Varga(class of green herbs)
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84
|Viruddha ahara(incompatible substances)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 2/4
|Nidana of Raktapitta(cause of bleeding disorder)
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa(treatment of worm)
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/34
|Garbhasya pratimasik karma
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/47
|Jatamatra balak paricharya
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/56
|Kshira vishodhan dravya(treatment of vitiated breast milk)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/94
|Ingredient of Lasuna Kshirpaka
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/177
|Vilayan of Rakta Gulma
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/111
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/49
|Ingredient in Lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/52
|Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/53
|Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/64
|Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/35
|Ingredient in Palankashadi taila
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/64
|Ingredient in Atattvabhinivesh nashak yoga
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/9
|As nidan of arsha roga(cause of hemorrhoids)
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/70
|As an ingredient of Gandha hasti agada
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/150
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya(running nose)
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/177
|As an ingredient of Mulaka taila
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3gm of the drug<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :50</ref>
==Important formulatios==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :50</ref>
* Lasunadi vati
* Lasunadi ghruta
* Vacha lasunadi taila

== Current availability==

Available
India - All over india

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Allium%20sativum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Lashuna

2025-08-17T12:12:32Z

Dridhabala:

Allium sativum L.

{{Infobox
|title = Lashuna
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Lashuna
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Allium sativum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Liliaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Garlic

==Therapeutic uses==
Jirna jwara(chronic fever), Krumiroga(worms), gulma(abdominal lumps), kushtha(skin disease),Arsha(haemorrhoids),Kasa(cough),Swasa(breathlessness), pinasa(running nose), sula(pain), karnasoola(earache), vatavyadhi, hikka,medoroga, yoni vyapada(diseases of vagina),visuchika,plihavruddhi(spleenomegaly),kshaya, vishamajwara,unmada,apasmara, sopha(swelling),hrudaroga(heart disease), vrana(wound)trikashool<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :50</ref>

==Other varieties==
* Allium arenarium Sadler ex Rchb. 1830 not L. 1753
* Allium controversum Schrad. ex Wild.
* Allium longicuspis Regel
* Allium ophioscorodon Link
* Allium pekinense Prokh.
* Porrum ophioscorodon (Link) Rchb.
* Porrum sativum (L.) Rchb. 1830 not (L.) Mill. 1768

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Lashuna, Rasona, Ugragandha, Arishta

==Synonyms in bhavaprakash nighantu<ref> Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-217</ref>==
Mahaushadha(because it use in many disease), Mlecchakanda(liked by mlecha as it is used to prepared dishes), Yavaneshta(liked by foreigners)

==Types==
===Dhanvantari nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Pro. Dr. zarkhande oza , dr.umapati Mishra , dhanvanatari Nighantu. Edition 2016, Chaukhambha surbharti prakasana,karaviradi varga verse no. 62,63</ref>
# Rasona
# Mahakanda
===Raja nighantu===
Mentioned 4 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, mulakadi varga verse no- 50,51,53,54</ref>
# Rasona
# Sweta rasona
# Grunjana
# Rakta rasona

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta), Sweet (madhura), Lavana (salt), Astringent (kashaya)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Unctuous (snigdha), Sharp (tikshna), Sliminess (picchila), Heavy (guru), Mobility (sara),
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[kapha]] and [[vata]], increases [[pitta]]
|-
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/5 || Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/4 || Siddhatamachurnapradeha(external application)
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/176
|Harita Varga(class of green herbs)
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84
|Viruddha ahara(incompatible substances)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 2/4
|Nidana of Raktapitta(cause of bleeding disorder)
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/17
|Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa(treatment of worm)
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/34
|Garbhasya pratimasik karma
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/47
|Jatamatra balak paricharya
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/56
|Kshira vishodhan dravya(treatment of vitiated breast milk)
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/94
|Ingredient of Lasuna Kshirpaka
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/177
|Vilayan of Rakta Gulma
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/111
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/49
|Ingredient in Lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/52
|Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/53
|Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrita
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/64
|Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/35
|Ingredient in Palankashadi taila
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/64
|Ingredient in Atattvabhinivesh nashak yoga
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/9
|As nidan of arsha roga(cause of hemorrhoids)
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/70
|As an ingredient of Gandha hasti agada
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/150
|Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya(running nose)
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/177
|As an ingredient of Mulaka taila
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 3gm of the drug<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :50</ref>
==Important formulatios==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :50</ref>
* Lasunadi vati
* Lasunadi ghruta
* Vacha lasunadi taila

== Current availability==

Available
India - All over india

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Allium%20sativum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Kumkuma

2025-08-17T12:04:41Z

Dridhabala:

Crocus sativus L.
{{Infobox
|title = Kumkuma
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Kumkuma
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Crocus sativus L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Iridaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Saffron

==Therapeutic uses==
Chardi (vomiting), kasa (cough), vrana(wound), vyanga, siroroga, Drushti roga(eye disease), kantha roga(throat disease), sidhma(skin disease), udavarta(upword movemnet of air), mutragraha,suryavarta,ardhava bhedak(migrain)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4 :25</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Kumkum, Ghusana, Kashmira(Grows in kashmir region), Vahlika(found in bahlika desa)

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Rakta(red in colour), Pitakam(imparts yellow colour if mixed with water) , varam,sankoch,pishuna(has got strong odour),shonitabhidhyam<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, karpuradi varga, verse no.-74</ref>

==Types==
===Bhavaprakash nighantu===
Mentioned 3 types
# Kasmira
# Bahlika
# Parasika

===Raja nighantu===
Mentioned 2 types<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, Chandanadi varga verse no- 41,43</ref>
# Kumkuma
# Truna kumjuma

==Properties==
===Kasmira===
* Suksmakesarayukta (Small stigma)
* Raktavarna(Red in colour)
* Padmagandhi(Aroma like that of lotus)
===Bahlika===
* Sukla(White)
* Pita varna(Yellow)
* Ketaki gandha(aroma like pandans)
* Suksma kesara (Small stigma)
*
=== Parasika===
* Madhugandha(Honey like odour)
* Isatpandura varna (Whitish in colour)
* Sthulakesara(Bigger stigma)

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Properties'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Unctuous (snigdha)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Vata, imparts complexion to skin (varnya)
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/54
|As an ingredient of Mrita sanjivani agada
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/78
|As an ingredient of Mahagandha hasti agada
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/190
|As an ingredient of Mamsyadi yoga
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/152
|As an ingredient of Bala taila
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/162
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi taila
|}

==Dose==
* 25-50 mg<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4 :25</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 4 :25</ref>
* Karpuradyarka
* Balarka rasa
* Kumkumadya taila
* Mahanarayan taila
* Pushyanug churna

==Current availability ==
Available
==Current researches ==
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..

Talk:Jyotishmati

2025-08-17T12:00:45Z

Dridhabala:

Celatrus panniculatus Willd.

{{Infobox
|title = Jyotishmati
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Jyotishmati
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Celatrus panniculatus Willd.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Celasteraceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2024
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Staff tree

==Therapeutic Use==

Vatavyadhi, Smruti dourbalya (memory loss), Svitra (hypopigmentation disorder of skin)

==Other varieties / Other botanical names==

* Celastrus dependens Wall.
* Celastrus montana
* Celastrus multiflora
* Celastrus nutans
* Celastrus senegelensis
* Celastrus spinoses

==Identification characters==

* '''Lata''' – Jyotishmati is a climber.
* '''Paravatapadi''' – Root of Jyotishmati resemble legs of pigeon.
* '''Sphutatvacha''' – Stem bark has shining white dots over its surface.
* '''Suvarnalatika''' – Jyotishmati has yellow coloured flowers.
* '''Sukshmaphala'''– Fruits are small in size.
* '''Kakandi''' – Fruits of Jyotishmati are resembling eggs of crow.
* '''Pitataila''' – The oil prepared from Jyotishmati will be having yellow colour.

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Jyotishmati

==Additional Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==

Katabhi, Jyotishka, Kangani, Paravatapadi, Panya, Lata, Kakundani<ref>1. Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 150 - 151, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2015;</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu), Bitter (tikta)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Sharp (tikshna)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify [[vata]] and [[kapha]]
|-
| 6 || Extra ordinary effect ([[prabhava]]) || Promotes intellect (medhya)
|}

== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/78 || Mulini (Shirovirecha) (Errhine therapy)
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(27) || Shirovirechanopagmahakashay
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/26 || Vairechanikadhumavarti
|-
| 4||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 1/23 || Vamanartha(for therapeutic emesis)
|-
|}

==Dose==
*Seed – 1 to 2 gm.
*Oil – 5 to 15 drops<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:29</ref>

==Important Formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume II:29</ref>

* Smritisagara rasa
* Jyotishmati taila

== Current availability==

Available

*In India – Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andaman Islands
*Out of India – Australia, China, Taiwan, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam.

== Current researches ==

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Jeeraka

2025-08-17T11:57:26Z

Dridhabala:

Cuminum cyminum L.
{{Infobox
|title = Jeeraka
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Jeeraka
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cuminum cyminum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Apiaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Cuminum seeds

==Therapeutic uses==
Agnimandya, atisara(diarrhoea),krumiroga(worms)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Jeeraka, Ajaji, Jirana, Kana, Kasmiri-jirak, Bahugandha

==Varieties==
===Bhavprakasa nighantu===
Mentioned 3 types of varieties<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Haritakyadi varga, verse no.-81,82</ref>
# Jiraka
# Krshina jirak
# Kalajaji

===Dhanvantari nighantu===
Mentioned 4 types of varieties
# Jiraka
# Suklajiraka
# Krishnajirak
# bruhatpali

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Vata, Helps in digestion (Dipana and Pachana)
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/40 || Kalyanaka Guda
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/53 || Trivrritadi Modaka
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58 || Hemantkalina Trivrit Yoga
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/43
|Ingredient in Vrushya Mahish Ras
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/16
|Ingredient in Vrushya Mahish Ras
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/21
|Ingredient in Vrushya Pupalika
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/142
|Ingredient in Yavani shadav
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55
|Ingredient in Chitrakadi Ghrita
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/60
|Ingredient in Jivantyadi Yavagu
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/103
|In treatment of Kaphaja udara roga(Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/125
|As an ingredient of narayana churna
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/88
|As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/102
|In condition of chhardi,arsha,granthi,shoola
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/113
|Ajaji should be given with Marica, etc
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/27
|As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/107
|As an ingredient of ajajyadi yoga dravya
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/78
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/95
|As an ingredient of Rishabhakadi agada
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/231
|Used in the treatment of animals suffering with poison
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/121
|Used as churna mixed with lavana & sneha in Vataja madatyaya
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/177
|As an ingredient of Ashtanga lavana. (Kaphaja madatyaya)
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/181
|Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/183
|Used in pachana(digestive)
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/22
|As an ingredient of 2nd Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/85
|As an ingredient of Pushkarmuladi yoga
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/138
|Used in Vataja pratishyaya for Nasya karma
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/216,217
|Used in Kavala (gargles/keeping thin paste of drugs in the mouth) in Arochaka. (anorexia)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/219
|Used in arochaka nashaka vati(Medicine for treatment of anorexia)
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/54
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi yoga
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 1-3 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>
* Hingvadi churna
* Jirakadyarishta
* Jirakadi modak
* Hingvadi churna
*

== Current availability==

Available
India- All over india but more in Rajasthan , Punjab

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Cuminum%20cyminum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Jeeraka

2025-08-17T11:56:44Z

Dridhabala:

Cuminum cyminum L.
{{Infobox
|title = Jeeraka
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Jeeraka
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cuminum cyminum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Apiaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Cuminum seeds

==Therapeutic uses==
Agnimandya, atisara(diarrhoea),krumiroga(worms)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Jeeraka, Ajaji, Jirana, Kana, Kasmiri-jirak, Bahugandha

==Varieties==
===Bhavprakasa nighantu===
Mentioned 3 types of varieties<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Haritakyadi varga, verse no.-81,82</ref>
# Jiraka
# Krshina jirak
# Kalajaji

===Dhanvantari nighantu===
# Jiraka
# Suklajiraka
# Krishnajirak
# bruhatpali

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Vata, Helps in digestion (Dipana and Pachana)
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/40 || Kalyanaka Guda
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/53 || Trivrritadi Modaka
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58 || Hemantkalina Trivrit Yoga
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/43
|Ingredient in Vrushya Mahish Ras
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/16
|Ingredient in Vrushya Mahish Ras
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/21
|Ingredient in Vrushya Pupalika
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/142
|Ingredient in Yavani shadav
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55
|Ingredient in Chitrakadi Ghrita
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/60
|Ingredient in Jivantyadi Yavagu
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/103
|In treatment of Kaphaja udara roga(Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/125
|As an ingredient of narayana churna
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/88
|As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/102
|In condition of chhardi,arsha,granthi,shoola
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/113
|Ajaji should be given with Marica, etc
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/27
|As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/107
|As an ingredient of ajajyadi yoga dravya
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/78
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/95
|As an ingredient of Rishabhakadi agada
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/231
|Used in the treatment of animals suffering with poison
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/121
|Used as churna mixed with lavana & sneha in Vataja madatyaya
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/177
|As an ingredient of Ashtanga lavana. (Kaphaja madatyaya)
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/181
|Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/183
|Used in pachana(digestive)
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/22
|As an ingredient of 2nd Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/85
|As an ingredient of Pushkarmuladi yoga
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/138
|Used in Vataja pratishyaya for Nasya karma
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/216,217
|Used in Kavala (gargles/keeping thin paste of drugs in the mouth) in Arochaka. (anorexia)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/219
|Used in arochaka nashaka vati(Medicine for treatment of anorexia)
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/54
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi yoga
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 1-3 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>
* Hingvadi churna
* Jirakadyarishta
* Jirakadi modak
* Hingvadi churna
*

== Current availability==

Available
India- All over india but more in Rajasthan , Punjab

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Cuminum%20cyminum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Jeeraka

2025-08-17T11:56:04Z

Dridhabala:

Cuminum cyminum L.
{{Infobox
|title = Jeeraka
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Jeeraka
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Cuminum cyminum L.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Apiaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name ==

Cuminum seeds

==Therapeutic uses==
Agnimandya, atisara(diarrhoea),krumiroga(worms)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Jeeraka, Ajaji, Jirana, Kana, Kasmiri-jirak, Bahugandha

==Varieties==
==Bhavprakasa nighantu==
Mentioned 3 types of varieties<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Haritakyadi varga, verse no.-81,82</ref>
# Jiraka
# Krshina jirak
# Kalajaji

==Dhanvantari nighantu==
# Jiraka
# Suklajiraka
# Krishnajirak
# bruhatpali

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Properties
|-
! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
|-
| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) ||Hot (ushna)
|-
| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Pungent (katu)
|-
| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Rough (ruksha)
|-
| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Pacify Kapha and Vata, Helps in digestion (Dipana and Pachana)
|-
|}
== Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Herbs and their activities
|-
! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
|-
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/40 || Kalyanaka Guda
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/53 || Trivrritadi Modaka
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/58 || Hemantkalina Trivrit Yoga
|-
|4
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/43
|Ingredient in Vrushya Mahish Ras
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/16
|Ingredient in Vrushya Mahish Ras
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/21
|Ingredient in Vrushya Pupalika
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 8/142
|Ingredient in Yavani shadav
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/41
|Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55
|Ingredient in Chitrakadi Ghrita
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/60
|Ingredient in Jivantyadi Yavagu
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/103
|In treatment of Kaphaja udara roga(Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/125
|As an ingredient of narayana churna
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/88
|As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/102
|In condition of chhardi,arsha,granthi,shoola
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/113
|Ajaji should be given with Marica, etc
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/27
|As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
|-
|17
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/107
|As an ingredient of ajajyadi yoga dravya
|-
|18
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/78
|As an ingredient of Maha -Gandha hasti agada
|-
|19
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/95
|As an ingredient of Rishabhakadi agada
|-
|20
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/231
|Used in the treatment of animals suffering with poison
|-
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/121
|Used as churna mixed with lavana & sneha in Vataja madatyaya
|-
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/177
|As an ingredient of Ashtanga lavana. (Kaphaja madatyaya)
|-
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/181
|Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya
|-
|24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/183
|Used in pachana(digestive)
|-
|25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/22
|As an ingredient of 2nd Dviruttarahingvadi churna
|-
|26
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/85
|As an ingredient of Pushkarmuladi yoga
|-
|27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/138
|Used in Vataja pratishyaya for Nasya karma
|-
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/216,217
|Used in Kavala (gargles/keeping thin paste of drugs in the mouth) in Arochaka. (anorexia)
|-
|29
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/219
|Used in arochaka nashaka vati(Medicine for treatment of anorexia)
|-
|30
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/54
|As an ingredient of Pippalyadi yoga
|-
|}

==Dose==
* 1-3 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>

==Important formulations==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>
* Hingvadi churna
* Jirakadyarishta
* Jirakadi modak
* Hingvadi churna
*

== Current availability==

Available
India- All over india but more in Rajasthan , Punjab

== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Cuminum%20cyminum

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

This article is under development ..

Talk:Jati

2025-08-17T11:53:07Z

Dridhabala:

Myristica fragrens Houtt.
{{Infobox
|title = Jati
|label1 = Section/Chapter
|data1 = Herb database/Jati
|label2 = Botanical name(s)
|data2 = Myristica fragrens Houtt.
|label3 = Family
|data3 = Myristicaceae
|label4 = Availability
|data4 = Available
|label5 = Contributors
|data5 = --
|label6 = Year of publication
|data6 = 2025
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = Awaited
}}

==English name==
Nut-meg

==Therapeutic uses==
Atisara(Diarrhoea),swasa(dyspnea),chardi(vomiting),pinasa(rhinitis),grahani,mukharoga,sukrameha<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Jati, Sumana

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
Jatikosha,malatiphala<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, karpuradi varga, verse no.-54</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Properties'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Pharmacological criteria'''
|'''Properties'''
|-
|1
|Taste (rasa)
|Bitter (tikta), Pungent (katu)
|-
|2
|Potency (veerya)
|Hot (ushna)
|-
|3
|Post digestion effect (vipaka)
|Pungent (katu)
|-
|4
|Qualities (guna)
|Light (laghu), Sharp (tikshna)
|-
|5
|Actions (karma)
|Pacify Kapha and Vata
|}

==Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Herbs and their activities'''
|'''Sr.no.'''
|'''Reference in Charak Samhita'''
|'''Activity'''
|-
|1
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/4
|Siddhatama churna pradeha(local application)
|-
|2
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(13)
|Kushthaghna (anti-dermatosis) mahakashaya
|-
|3
|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77
|Mukha dharya dravya( Mouth fresheners)
|-
|4
|Cha.sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/143
|Tiktaskandha(group of bitter drugs)
|-
|5
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/3/26
|As a mood enhancing
|-
|6
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/207
|Used in Vibadhdha dosha.
|-
|7
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/57
|For Scrapping
|-
|8
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/94
|Bahyaprayogarth(external application) Lepa in Kushtha
|-
|9
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/111
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Taila
|-
|10
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/135
|As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
|-
|11
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/56
|As an ingredient of Mrita sanjivani agada
|-
|12
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/145
|Used as nasya in Pakva peenasa
|-
|13
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/184
|Used in Kaphaja Siroroga for Pradhamana nasya
|-
|14
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/205
|Used for mukhadhavna.
|-
|15
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/241
|As an ingredient of Sumanakorkadi varti
|-
|16
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/245
|As an ingredient of Amrutadi varti
|}

==Dose==
* 0.5-1.0 gm of the drug in powder form<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>
==Important formulation==
As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1 :34</ref>
* Jatiphaladi churna

==Current availability ==
Available
==Current researches ==

https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Myristica%20fragrans

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
This article is under development ..